ReviewAdvanced drug delivery reviews2021
Vaginal delivery of vaccines.
Review in Advanced drug delivery reviews, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Harnessing mucosal immunity for protective vaccines.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Intranasal boosting enhances genital tract T cell immunity following ChAdOx1/MVA hrHPV therapeutic vaccination.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Epidemiological Features and Temporal Trends of Five Common Sexually Transmitted Infections Excluding HIV, 1990-2021: Findings From the Global Burden of Disease Study.Journal of medical virology · 2026Article
- Review
- Distal and local mucosal immunization with a BoHV-4-based vector delivering CpHV-1 gD confers protection against intravaginal CpHV-1 challenge in goats.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Lipid nanoparticle-based mRNA platforms for mucosal HIV vaccines: formulation advances, immune mechanisms, and translational pathways.Archives of microbiology · 2025Review
- Recent Advancements in Non-Invasive Vaccination Strategies.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Engineered Tissue Models to Decode Host-Microbiota Interactions.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- A Simple and Versatile Method for Ex Vivo Monitoring of Goat Vaginal Mucosa Transduction by Viral Vector Vaccines.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Article
- Practical Considerations for Next-Generation Adjuvant Development and Translation.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Increasing incidence rates of sexually transmitted infections from 2010 to 2019: an analysis of temporal trends by geographical regions and age groups from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Advances in drug delivery for women's health: A matter of gender equity.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2022Article
- Cytokines and chemokines: The vital role they play in herpes simplex virus mucosal immunology.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Curable Sexually Transmitted Infections Among a Population of South African Nonhealth Seeking Men Who Have Sex With Men Who Were Invited for Screening-A Brief Report.Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS CareArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Recent estimates suggest that one in two sexually active individuals will acquire a sexually transmitted infection by age 25, an alarming statistic that amounts to over 1 million new infections per day worldwide. Vaccination against STIs is highly desirable for alleviating this global burden of disease. Vaginal immunization is a promising strategy to combat transmission via the vaginal mucosa. The vagina is typically considered a poor inductive site for common correlates of adaptive immunity. However, emerging evidence suggests that immune tolerance may be overcome by precisely engineered vaccination schemes that orchestrate cell-mediated immunity and establish tissue resident memory immune cells. In this review, we will discuss the unique immunological milieu of the vaginal mucosa and our current understanding of correlates of pathogenesis and protection for several common STIs. We then present a summary of recent vaginal vaccine studies and explore the role that mucosal adjuvants and delivery systems play in enhancing protection according to requisite features of immunity. Finally, we offer perspectives on the challenges and future directions of vaginal vaccine delivery, discussing remaining physiological barriers and innovative vaccine formulations that may overcome them.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.