Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34480778›Full record

ArticleMagnetic resonance in medicine2022

External Dynamic InTerference Estimation and Removal (EDITER) for low field MRI.

Sai Abitha Srinivas, Stephen F Cauley, Jason P Stockmann, Charlotte R Sappo, Christopher E Vaughn, Lawrence L Wald, William A Grissom, Clarissa Z Cooley

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Magnetic resonance in medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
40citing papers in PubMed
4.9field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

40 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.

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  8. Review
  9. On the accuracy of image registration in portable low-field 3D brain MRI.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
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  17. Control of radiated emissions during MRI using parallel transmit: a path to eliminating the Faraday shielded room for 0.5T imaging.Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference · 2025
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Nexus: A versatile console for advanced low-field MRI.Magnetic resonance in medicine · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Sai Abitha SrinivasVanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3595-1757
Stephen F CauleyHarvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Jason P StockmannHarvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8454-5347
Charlotte R SappoVanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7030-278X
Christopher E VaughnVanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4288-4206
Lawrence L WaldHarvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
William A GrissomVanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3289-1827
Clarissa Z CooleyHarvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Harvard University · USVanderbilt University · US

Funding

Neuroimaging Training ProgramT32EB001680 · NIBIB · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI BRUCE R ROSEN · 2003 to 2026
$3.8M
Portable MRI Technology for Neonatal CareR01HD104649 · NICHD · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI COOLEY, CLARISSA ZIMMERMAN · 2021 to 2025
$2.4M
Technology for Portable MRIR01EB018976 · NIBIB · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI WALD, LAWRENCE L · 2014 to 2017
$2.4M
RF Encoding for Gradient-Free MRIR01EB030414 · NIBIB · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY · PI GRISSOM, WILLIAM A · 2020 to 2023
$1.5M
NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB018976NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB030414NIBIB NIH HHS T32 EB001680NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD104649NIH HHS R01EB018976NIH HHS R01 EB030414
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposePoint-of-care MRI requires operation outside of Faraday shielded rooms normally used to block image-degrading electromagnetic interference (EMI). To address this, we introduce the EDITER method (External Dynamic InTerference Estimation and Removal), an external sensor-based method to retrospectively remove image artifacts from time-varying external interference sources. THEORY AND

methodsThe method acquires data from multiple EMI detectors (tuned receive coils as well as untuned electrodes placed on the body) simultaneously with the primary MR coil during and between image data acquisition. We calculate impulse response functions dynamically that map the data from the detectors to the time varying artifacts then remove the transformed detected EMI from the MR data. Performance of the EDITER algorithm was assessed in phantom and in vivo imaging experiments in an 80 mT portable brain MRI in a controlled EMI environment and with an open 47.5 mT MRI scanner in an uncontrolled EMI setting.

resultsIn the controlled setting, the effectiveness of the EDITER technique was demonstrated for specific types of introduced EMI sources with up to a 97% reduction of structured EMI and up to 76% reduction of broadband EMI in phantom experiments. In the uncontrolled EMI experiments, we demonstrate EMI reductions of up to 99% using an electrode and pick-up coil in vivo. We demonstrate up to a nine-fold improvement in image SNR with the method.

conclusionThe EDITER technique is a flexible and robust method to improve image quality in portable MRI systems with minimal passive shielding and could reduce the reliance of MRI on shielded rooms and allow for truly portable MRI.

Indexed as

ArtifactsMagnetic Resonance ImagingAlgorithmsPhantoms, ImagingRetrospective Studiesaccessible MRIactive RF shieldinglow field MRIportable MRI

Identifiers

PMID34480778
PMCPMC8920578
OpenAlexW3197231360

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.