Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34480426›Full record

ArticleMolecular genetics & genomic medicine2021

Detection of TSC1/TSC2 mosaic variants in patients with cardiac rhabdomyoma and tuberous sclerosis complex by hybrid-capture next-generation sequencing.

Siyu Wang, Hairui Sun, Jianbin Wang, Xiaoyan Gu, Lu Han, Yuduo Wu, He Yan, Ling Han, Hongjia Zhang, Yihua He

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular genetics & genomic medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 33% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Tuberous sclerosis complex.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Fetal cardiac masses.Pediatric radiology · 2025
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
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  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Siyu WangDepartment of Echocardiography, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.ORCID 0000-0001-9152-451X
Hairui SunDepartment of Echocardiography, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.ORCID 0000-0002-5868-237X
Jianbin WangCollege of Life Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Xiaoyan GuDepartment of Echocardiography, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Lu HanCardiac Surgery Department, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Yuduo WuDepartment of Echocardiography, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
He YanBijoux Healthcare company, Beijing, China.
Ling HanDepartment of Pediatrics, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Hongjia ZhangCardiac Surgery Department, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Yihua HeDepartment of Echocardiography, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Capital Medical University · CNGeneral Electric (Spain) · ESTsinghua University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFetal cardiac rhabdomyoma (CR) is strongly associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), which is caused by variants in TSC1 and TSC2. However, in 10%-15% of patients with clinically confirmed TSC, no TSC1/TSC2 variants are identified by panel sequencing or multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA).

methodsWe analyzed eight fetuses with CR and their families. No TSC1/TSC2 variants had previously been identified for six of these fetuses, and we suspected the other two families of gonadal mosaicism. We performed next-generation sequencing (NGS) using CR tissue, umbilical cord tissue, and parental blood. All positive results, involving two paternal semen, were verified by droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR).

resultsFour fetuses carried low-level mosaic variants (0.05%-14.89%), and two only exhibited somatic mosaic variants in the CR tissue (15.76% and 37.69%). Two fathers had gonadal mosaicism (9.07% and 4.86%). We identified nine pathogenic variants in eight fetuses, including one fetus with a second-hit variant.

conclusionThe fetuses assessed in this study carried low-level and somatic mosaic variants, and CR tissue from one fetus exhibited a second-hit variant. Heterozygous gonadal variants can exist in patients with low-level mosaicism. Combining NGS with ddPCR improves the accuracy of prenatal TSC diagnosis.

Indexed as

MosaicismAdultAllelesEchocardiographyFemaleFetusGenetic Association StudiesGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHeart NeoplasmsHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingHumansMaleMutationPregnancyPrenatal DiagnosisRhabdomyomaTSC1 protein, humanTSC2 protein, humanTuberous Sclerosis Complex 1 ProteinTuberous Sclerosis Complex 2 Proteincardiac rhabdomyomahybrid-capture next-generation sequencingmosaic variantsTSC1/TSC2

Identifiers

PMID34480426
PMCPMC8580080
OpenAlexW3198590166

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.