ReviewMolecular neurobiology2021
Role of the PD-1/PD-L1 Signaling in Multiple Sclerosis and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis: Recent Insights and Future Directions.
Review in Molecular neurobiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Complexity of Soluble Checkpoint Molecules in Modulating Immune-Mediated Diseases and Autoimmunity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The role of programmed cell death 1 in autoimmune diseases: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Microglial PD-1/PD-L1 axis in CNS demyelinating diseases: a dual immunoregulatory perspective.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Targeting the Neuro-Immune Axis in Next-Generation Oncology: Discovery and Validation of βOncology research · 2026Review
- Upregulation of PD-1 on Peripheral T cells Subsets is Associated with Parkinson's Disease.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Immune Checkpoint PD-L1 Modulates Retinal Microglial Activation to Alleviate Vascular Leakage in Choroidal Neovascularization via ERK.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Revealing the role of regulatory b cells in cancer: development, function and treatment significance.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Review
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced thyroiditis and its potential mechanisms.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Natural killer cells in multiple sclerosis: foe or friends?Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2025Review
- Enhanced Therapeutic Effects of Human Mesenchymal stem Cells Transduced with Secreted Klotho in a Murine Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Model.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Article
- Adaptive and Innate Immunity Are Key Drivers of Age at Onset of Multiple Sclerosis.Neurology. Genetics · 2024Article
- Association of plasma sPD-1 and sPD-L1 with disease status and future relapse in AQP4-IgG (+) NMOSD.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2024Article
- Article
- αPD-1 immunotherapy promotes IL-17A production and promotes the formation of acute radiation-induced lung injury.American journal of cancer research · 2024Article
- Forsythiaside A prevents zymosan A-induced cell migration in neutrophil-differentiated HL-60 cells via PD-1/PD-L1 pathway.Heliyon · 2023Article
- Extracellular Vesicle-Based Therapeutics in Neurological Disorders.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Myeloid checkpoints for cancer immunotherapy.Chinese journal of cancer research = Chung-kuo yen cheng yen chiu · 2022Article
- Beyond Cancer: Regulation and Function of PD-L1 in Health and Immune-Related Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Review
- The α5-nAChR/PD-L1 axis facilitates lung adenocarcinoma cell migration and invasion.Human cell · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmunity-related chronic demyelination disease of the central nervous system (CNS), causing young disability. Currently, highly specific immunotherapies for MS are still lacking. Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) is an immunosuppressive co-stimulatory molecule, which is expressed on activated T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, natural killer cells, and other immune cells. PD-L1, the ligand of PD-1, is expressed on T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, and macrophages. PD-1/PD-L1 delivers negative regulatory signals to immune cells, maintaining immune tolerance and inhibiting autoimmunity. This review comprehensively summarizes current insights into the role of PD-1/PD-L1 signaling in MS and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). The potentiality of PD-1/PD-L1 as biomarkers or therapeutic targets for MS will also be discussed.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.