Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34480125›Full record

ArticleNature medicine2021

Predictors of COVID-19 epidemics in countries of the World Health Organization African Region.

Feifei Zhang, Humphrey Karamagi, Ngoy Nsenga, Miriam Nanyunja, Miriam Karinja, Seth Amanfo, Margo Chase-Topping, Giles Calder-Gerver, Miles McGibbon, Alexandra Huber and 11 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Conflicting COVID-19 excess mortality estimates.Lancet (London, England) · 2023
    Article
  12. A Review of the Machine Learning Algorithms for Covid-19 Case Analysis.IEEE transactions on artificial intelligence · 2023
    Article
  13. COVID-19 Vehicle Based on an Efficient Mutual Authentication Scheme for 5G-Enabled Vehicular Fog Computing.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Toward resilient food systems after COVID-19.Current research in environmental sustainability · 2022
    Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors.

Feifei ZhangUsher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom. feifei.zhang@ed.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3718-243X
Humphrey KaramagiWHO Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6277-2095
Ngoy NsengaWHO Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1187-0362
Miriam NanyunjaWHO Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo.
Miriam KarinjaUniversity of Nairobi Institute of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Nairobi, Kenya.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0474-9492
Seth AmanfoUsher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Margo Chase-ToppingSchool of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Giles Calder-GerverUsher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Miles McGibbonUsher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8277-3178
Alexandra HuberUsher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0980-2953
Tara Wagner-GambleUsher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3608-2880
Chuan-Guo GuoDepartment of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0657-473X
Samuel HaynesSchool of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Alistair MorrisonUsher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Miranda FergusonUsher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3946-1130
Gordon A AwandareWest African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
Francisca MutapiSchool of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Zabulon YotiWHO Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo.
Joseph CaboreWHO Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo.
Matshidiso R MoetiWHO Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo.
Mark E J WoolhouseUsher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3765-8167

Funding

DH | National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) 16/136/33World Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Countries of the World Health Organization (WHO) African Region have experienced a wide range of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemics. This study aimed to identify predictors of the timing of the first COVID-19 case and the per capita mortality in WHO African Region countries during the first and second pandemic waves and to test for associations with the preparedness of health systems and government pandemic responses. Using a region-wide, country-based observational study, we found that the first case was detected earlier in countries with more urban populations, higher international connectivity and greater COVID-19 test capacity but later in island nations. Predictors of a high first wave per capita mortality rate included a more urban population, higher pre-pandemic international connectivity and a higher prevalence of HIV. Countries rated as better prepared and having more resilient health systems were worst affected by the disease, the imposition of restrictions or both, making any benefit of more stringent countermeasures difficult to detect. Predictors for the second wave were similar to the first. Second wave per capita mortality could be predicted from that of the first wave. The COVID-19 pandemic highlights unanticipated vulnerabilities to infectious disease in Africa that should be taken into account in future pandemic preparedness planning.

Indexed as

AdultAfricaChildCOVID-19EpidemicsFemaleHumansInfant, NewbornMalePandemicsPregnancyRisk FactorsSARS-CoV-2Socioeconomic FactorsWorld Health Organization

Identifiers

PMID34480125
PMCPMC8604723

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.