ArticleBMC pediatrics2021
Factors associated with bone health status of Malaysian pre-adolescent children in the PREBONE-Kids Study.
Article in BMC pediatrics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Seasonal changes in bone mineral parameters and body composition in youth football players.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Association of severe depression with bone mineral content: a mediation analysis in PERSIAN cohort study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Early-life nutritional status as a determinant of bone density and hip joint morphology in children.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Bone mass, muscle-bone unit, and bone turnover markers in healthy preadolescent Malaysian children.Annals of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism · 2025Article
- Growth, body composition and bone mineral density among pubertal male athletes: intra-individual 12-month changes and comparisons between soccer players and swimmers.BMC pediatrics · 2022Article
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11 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundModifiable lifestyle factors and body composition can affect the attainment of peak bone mass during childhood. This study performed a cross-sectional analysis of the determinants of bone health among pre-adolescent (N = 243) Malaysian children with habitually low calcium intakes and vitamin D status in Kuala Lumpur (PREBONE-Kids Study).
methodsBody composition, bone mineral density (BMD), and bone mineral content (BMC) at the lumbar spine (LS) and total body (TB) were assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Calcium intake was assessed using 1-week diet history, MET (metabolic equivalent of task) score using cPAQ physical activity questionnaire, and serum 25(OH) vitamin D using LC-MS/MS.
resultsThe mean calcium intake was 349 ± 180 mg/day and mean serum 25(OH)D level was 43.9 ± 14.5 nmol/L. In boys, lean mass (LM) was a significant predictor of LSBMC (β = 0.539, p < 0.001), LSBMD (β = 0.607, p < 0.001), TBBMC (β = 0.675, p < 0.001) and TBBMD (β = 0.481, p < 0.01). Height was a significant predictor of LSBMC (β = 0.346, p < 0.001) and TBBMC (β = 0.282, p < 0.001) while fat mass (FM) (β = 0.261, p = 0.034) and physical activity measured as MET scores (β = 0.163, p = 0.026) were significant predictors of TBBMD in boys. Among girls, LM was also a significant predictor of LSBMC (β = 0.620, p < 0.001), LSBMD (β = 0.700, p < 0.001), TBBMC (β = 0.542, p < 0.001) and TBBMD (β = 0.747, p < 0.001). Calcium intake was a significant predictor of LSBMC (β = 0.102, p = 0.034), TBBMC (β = 0.122, p < 0.001) and TBBMD (β = 0.196, p = 0.002) in girls.
conclusionsLM was the major determinant of BMC and BMD among pre-adolescent Malaysian children alongside other modifiable lifestyle factors such as physical activity and calcium intake.
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