ArticleBMC musculoskeletal disorders2021
Comparing post-operative pain between single bundle and double bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a retrospective study.
Article in BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05303233 (Analgesic Efficacy of IPACK Versus Selective Tibial Nerve Block in Patients Scheduled for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Under General Anaesthesia With an Adductor Canal Block), which is not on this map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Analgesic Efficacy of IPACK Versus Selective Tibial Nerve Block in Patients Scheduled for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Under General Anaesthesia With an Adductor Canal Block: a Randomized Controlled Double-blinded Trial
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nitrous oxide for pain and anxiety management in elderly patients after THA rehabilitation: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.BMC geriatrics · 2026Trial
- Article
- Trends of Publications on Single- and Double-Bundle ACL Reconstructions over the Last 20 Years: A Bibliometric Analysis of the PubMed Literature.Indian journal of orthopaedics · 2023Article
- Prospective Comparison of Postoperative Pain and Opioid Consumption Between Primary Repair and Reconstruction of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2023Article
- Reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament: a historical view.Annals of translational medicine · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIn anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, the clinical outcome and level of post-operative pain are important factors. To date there have been no studies evaluating differences in post-operative pain between single bundle and double bundle ACL reconstruction with a hamstring graft. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE: We hypothesized that post-operative pain in single bundle ACL reconstruction would be less than in double bundle ACL reconstruction. This study was to compare post-operative pain between patients undergoing single bundle versus double bundle ACL reconstruction. STUDY
designCohort study.
methodsThis was a retrospective study comparing post-operative pain scores between single bundle and double bundle ACL reconstruction. Each patient was given our standard regimen of oral diclofenac (25 mg/tab) three times per day and paracetamol (500 mg/tab) six times per day for 1 day post-operatively. If the patient complained of moderate to severe pain (pain numeric rating scale (PNRS) > 3), 3 mg of morphine was injected intravenously every 3 h for 24 h and 1 mg of morphine as a rescue medication every 1 h for 24 h. PNRS and morphine consumption were recorded at 4-h intervals for 24 h.
results209 patients were included in this study of whom 102 and 107 patients received single bundle and double bundle ACL reconstruction, respectively. The average post-operative pain scores of the single bundle group were lower at all time points. Linear mixed effect regression analyses showed that the single bungle group had lower post-operative pain than the double bundle group after adjusting for confounders (beta = - 0.45; 95% CI = - 0.838, - 0.062) but there was no statistically significant difference between numbers of bundle ACL reconstruction with regard to morphine consumption.
conclusionSingle bundle ACL reconstruction had significantly lower post-operative pain scores than double bundle ACL reconstruction. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Double bundle ACL reconstruction results in higher post-operative pain, which may slow the start of rehabilitation and reduce patient satisfaction. In middle-aged adult patients with low-demand activities, we suggest performing a single bundle ACL reconstruction.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.