Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34478630›Full record

ArticleNeuron2021

Bottom-up inputs are required for establishment of top-down connectivity onto cortical layer 1 neurogliaform cells.

Leena Ali Ibrahim, Shuhan Huang, Marian Fernandez-Otero, Mia Sherer, Yanjie Qiu, Spurti Vemuri, Qing Xu, Robert Machold, Gabrielle Pouchelon, Bernardo Rudy and 1 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Neuron, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
36citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
5.3field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 62 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Region- and Layer-Specific Glutamatergic Synapse Development in the Nascent Cortical Hierarchy.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Presynaptic control of top-down signaling in neocortical layer 1.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Interneuron Diversity: How Form Becomes Function.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology · 2025
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. A Whole-Brain Topographic Ontology.Annual review of neuroscience · 2024
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Leena Ali IbrahimHarvard Medical School, Blavatnik Institute, Department of Neurobiology, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute, Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Cambridge, MA, USA; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: leena.ibrahim@kaust.edu.sa.
Shuhan HuangHarvard Medical School, Blavatnik Institute, Department of Neurobiology, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute, Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Cambridge, MA, USA; Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Marian Fernandez-OteroHarvard Medical School, Blavatnik Institute, Department of Neurobiology, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute, Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Mia ShererHarvard Medical School, Blavatnik Institute, Department of Neurobiology, Boston, MA, USA; Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
Yanjie QiuHarvard Medical School, Blavatnik Institute, Department of Neurobiology, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute, Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Spurti VemuriNortheastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
Qing XuCenter for Genomics & Systems Biology, New York University, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
Robert MacholdNeuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Gabrielle PouchelonHarvard Medical School, Blavatnik Institute, Department of Neurobiology, Boston, MA, USA.
Bernardo RudyNeuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Gord FishellHarvard Medical School, Blavatnik Institute, Department of Neurobiology, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute, Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Cambridge, MA, USA. Electronic address: gordon_fishell@hms.harvard.edu.
Harvard University · USBoston VA Research Institute · USNortheastern University · USNYU Langone Health · USNew York University · US

Funding

The role of genetic and activity dependent cues in the generation of 5HT3aR interneuron diversityP01NS074972 · NINDS · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI MACHOLD, ROBERT P · 2012 to 2023
$15.5M
Regional and Genetic Diversity of Cortical InterneuronsR01MH071679 · NIMH · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI FISHELL, GORDON J · 2005 to 2020
$8.5M
Development and validation of AAV vectors to manipulate specific neuronal subtypes and circuits involved in epilepsy and psychiatric disorders across mammalian species.UG3MH120096 · NIMH · BROAD INSTITUTE, INC. · PI DEVERMAN, BENJAMIN E, FISHELL, GORDON J · 2019 to 2021
$6.7M
The Development and Integration of Early Born SST-Expressing Interneurons in the CortexR01NS081297 · NINDS · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI GORDON J FISHELL · 2012 to 2026
$6.6M
The molecular and cellular basis of cortical interneuron divergenceR37MH071679 · NIMH · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI GORDON J FISHELL · 2022 to 2026
$4.1M
Spatiotemporal control of dendritic inhibition by a family of diverse somatostatin-expressing interneuronsR01NS110079 · NINDS · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI RUDY, BERNARDO · 2018 to 2022
$3.0M
Layer 4 circuits and sensory processingR01NS107257 · NINDS · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI RUDY, BERNARDO · 2018 to 2022
$2.1M
FoxG1 in the Development of Cerebral Cortex and the Adult Neural Niche.R01MH095147 · NIMH · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI FISHELL, GORDON J · 2012 to 2013
$1.2M
NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH071679NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH095147NIMH NIH HHS R37 MH071679NIMH NIH HHS UG3 MH120096NINDS NIH HHS P01 NS074972NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS081297NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS107257NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS110079
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Higher-order projections to sensory cortical areas converge on layer 1 (L1), the primary site for integration of top-down information via the apical dendrites of pyramidal neurons and L1 GABAergic interneurons. Here we investigated the contribution of early thalamic inputs onto L1 interneurons for establishment of top-down connectivity in the primary visual cortex. We find that bottom-up thalamic inputs predominate during L1 development and preferentially target neurogliaform cells. We show that these projections are critical for the subsequent strengthening of top-down inputs from the anterior cingulate cortex onto L1 neurogliaform cells. Sensory deprivation or selective removal of thalamic afferents blocked this phenomenon. Although early activation of the anterior cingulate cortex resulted in premature strengthening of these top-down afferents, this was dependent on thalamic inputs. Our results demonstrate that proper establishment of top-down connectivity in the visual cortex depends critically on bottom-up inputs from the thalamus during postnatal development.

Indexed as

InterneuronsVisual CortexDendritesPyramidal CellsThalamusACCbottom-updevelopmentdLGNinhibitory interneuronsLayer 1NDNFneurogliaform cellstop-down

Identifiers

PMID34478630
PMCPMC9316418
OpenAlexW3197235328

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.