Observational studyNeurocritical care2021
Intravenous Milrinone for Cerebral Vasospasm in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: The MILRISPASM Controlled Before-After Study.
Observational study in Neurocritical care, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07643922 (Endovascular Therapy for Cerebral Vasospasm After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage), which is not on this map. Cited by 38 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Endovascular Therapy for Cerebral Vasospasm After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: The RESCUE-CV Randomized Trial
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of milrinone infusion in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Pooled it
- The incidence of cerebral arterial vasospasm following aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Neuroradiology · 2022Pooled it
- Beyond Vasospasm: Dual Milrinone and Balloon Angioplasty in Refractory Delayed Cerebral Ischemia Post-Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.Clinical case reports · 2026Article
- Ongoing Debate on IV Milrinone for Cerebral Vasospasm: "It Ain't Over 'Til It's Over".Neurocritical care · 2026Article
- Response to Commentary by Dr. Ofer Sadan and Dr. Feras Akbik.Neurocritical care · 2026Article
- Article
- Post-traumatic vasospasm: Epidemiology, specificities, risk factors, and therapeutics.Journal of intensive medicine · 2025Review
- Beyond the bleed: complications after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Pathophysiology, clinical implications, and management strategies: a review.Critical care (London, England) · 2025Review
- Elevated Flow Velocity in Transcranial Doppler: Discrepancies Between Actual Vasospasm Locations and Flow Measurements.Stroke (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Intravenous Milrinone: Are We There yet?Neurocritical care · 2025Article
- Treatment Effect of Early Intravenous Milrinone for Cerebral Vasospasm or Delayed Cerebral Ischemia After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.Neurocritical care · 2025Article
- Delayed cerebral ischemia after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a narrative review.Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria · 2025Review
- Delayed cerebral vasculopathy following pneumococcal meningitis: a case report.Oxford medical case reports · 2025Article
- Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases as drug targets.Pharmacological reviews · 2025Review
- Evidence-Based Approach to Cerebral Vasospasm and Delayed Cerebral Ischemia: Milrinone as a Therapeutic Option-A Narrative Literature Review and Algorithm Treatment Proposition.Neurology international · 2025Review
- Prevention of Delayed Cerebral Ischemia After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage-Summary of Existing Clinical Evidence.Translational stroke research · 2025Review
- Repetitive intraarterial therapy with Milrinone and Nimodipine for severe refractory Vasospasm: own series and narrative literature review.Brain & spine · 2025Article
- Effects of microsurgery on short-term serum neurotransmitter levels and long-term cerebral neurological function in elderly patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Enteral Nimodipine in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Real-World Application and Challenges.The Canadian journal of hospital pharmacy · 2025Article
- Review
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIntravenous (IV) milrinone, in combination with induced hypertension, has been proposed as a treatment option for cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). However, data on its safety and efficacy are scarce.
methodsThis was a controlled observational study conducted in an academic hospital with prospectively and retrospectively collected data. Consecutive patients with cerebral vasospasm following aSAH and treated with both IV milrinone (0.5 µg/kg/min
resultsNinety-four patients were included (41 and 53 in the IV milrinone and the control group, respectively). IV milrinone infusion was independently associated with a lower likelihood of 6-month functional disability (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.10-0.77]) and vasospasm-related brain infarction (aOR = 0.19, 95% CI 0.04-0.94). Endovascular angioplasty was less frequent in the IV milrinone group (6 [15%] vs. 28 [53%] patients, p = 0.0001, aOR = 0.12, 95% CI 0.04-0.38). IV milrinone (median duration of infusion, 5 [2-8] days) was prematurely discontinued owing to poor tolerance in 12 patients, mostly (n = 10) for "non/hardly-attained induced hypertension" (mean arterial blood pressure < 100 mmHg despite 1.5 µg/kg/min
conclusionsDespite its premature discontinuation in 29% of patients as a result of its poor tolerance, IV milrinone was associated with a lower rate of endovascular angioplasty and a positive impact on long-term neurological and radiological outcomes. These preliminary findings encourage the conduction of confirmatory randomized trials.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.