ArticleGraefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie2022
Age-related difference in extraocular muscles and its relation to clinical manifestations in an ethnically homogenous group of patients with Graves' orbitopathy.
Article in Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- The application value of quantitative analysis of orbital soft tissue parameters on plain CT scans in evaluating the activity of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Morphometry of extraocular muscles and investigation of their relationship with axial length of eye.International ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Redefining cell death: ferroptosis as a game-changer in ophthalmology.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Advancements in imaging research in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Peripheral CD3Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2024Article
- Article
- [Graves' orbitopathy as the cause of diplopia in old age-Differences between young and old].Die Ophthalmologie · 2024Review
- How Age Affects Graves' Orbitopathy-A Tertiary Center Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy and ferroptosis: a review of pathological mechanisms and therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging approaches to Graves' ophthalmopathy: a narrative review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo evaluate the age-related difference in EOMs and its relation to clinical manifestations by computed tomography (CT) measurement of EOMs.
methodsThe medical records and CT image review of 40 patients (80 orbits) with moderate-to-severe Graves' orbitopathy were performed. The patients were divided into two age groups, group 1 (≤ 40 years) and group 2 (> 40 years). CT scans of 30 gender- and age-matched normal controls were also obtained. The maximal cross-sectional area (MCA) and its position (pMCA) of each EOM were measured.
resultsGroup 1 presented with more severe proptosis (p < 0.001), while group 2 had a higher risk of diplopia (p < 0.001). Motility restriction in supraduction was more likely to occur in Group 2 (p = 0.027) with even higher severity (p = 0.047). The pMCA was higher in the inferior (p = 0.001), medial (p = 0.021), and lateral rectus (p = 0.013) in group 1. Proptosis was positively correlated to pMCA while diplopia was correlated to MCA in both groups. Significant correlation was noted between restrictions levels and MCA (superior, r = 0.467, p < 0.001; inferior, r = 0.358, p = 0.007; medial, r = 0.314, p = 0.018; lateral, r = 0.308, p = 0.021) or pMCA (inferior, r = - 0.534, p < 0.001) only in group 2.
conclusionsThe muscle enlargement patterns are significantly different between younger and older patients. Older patients tended to have enlarged muscle bellies more posterior in the orbit, which is responsible for more diplopia and motility restriction. Proptosis is more likely to be affected by the most enlarged position than muscle size. So younger patients tended to develop more proptosis and be less bothered by motility restriction even with enlarged muscles.
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Registered trials
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