ArticleJournal of cancer research and clinical oncology2021
The association of immunosurveillance and distant metastases in colorectal cancer.
Article in Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Understanding pre-metastatic niche formation: implications for colorectal cancer liver metastasis.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Regulatory T cells in liver metastases: emerging and divergent roles in tumour progression.eGastroenterology · 2025Review
- TGFβ signalling pathway impacts brain metastases profiles in locally advanced colorectal cancer.Clinical & experimental metastasis · 2024Article
- ZKSCAN5 activates LAPTM5 expression by recruiting SETD7 to promote metastasis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.Histology and histopathology · 2024Article
- Exploring extracellular matrix and prostaglandin pathway alterations across varying resection margin distances of right-sided colonic adenocarcinoma.BMC cancer · 2023Article
- Primary Colorectal Tumor Displays Differential Genomic Expression Profiles Associated with Hepatic and Peritoneal Metastases.Cancers · 2023Article
- DNA and RNA Alterations Associated with Colorectal Peritoneal Metastases: A Systematic Review.Cancers · 2023Review
- The expression landscape of FOXP3 and its prognostic value in breast cancer.Annals of translational medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignancy worldwide, but the key driver to distant metastases is still unknown. This study aimed to elucidate the link between immunosurveillance and organotropism of metastases in CRC by evaluating different gene signatures and pathways. MATERIAL AND
methodsCRC patients undergoing surgery at the Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery at the Ludwig-Maximilian University Hospital Munich (Munich, Germany) were screened and categorized into M0 (no distant metastases), HEP (liver metastases) and PER (peritoneal carcinomatosis) after a 5-year follow-up. Six patients of each group were randomly selected to conduct a NanoString analysis, which includes 770 genes. Subsequently, all genes were further analyzed by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) based on seven main cancer-associated databases.
resultsComparing HEP vs. M0, the gene set associated with the Toll-like receptor (TLR) cascade defined by the Reactome database was significantly overrepresented in HEP. HSP90B1, MAPKAPK3, PPP2CB, PPP2R1A were identified as the core enrichment genes. The immunologic signature pathway GSE6875_TCONV_VS_FOXP3_KO_TREG_DN with FOXP3 as downstream target was significantly overexpressed in M0. RB1, TMEM 100, CFP, ZKSCAN5, DDX50 were the core enrichment genes. Comparing PER vs. M0 no significantly differentially expressed gene signatures were identified.
conclusionChronic inflammation might enhance local tumor growth. This is the first study identifying immune related gene sets differentially expressed between patients with either liver or peritoneal metastases. The present findings suggest that the formation of liver metastases might be associated with TLR-associated pathways. In M0, a high expression of FOXP3 + tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) seemed to prevent at least in part metastases. Thus, these correlative findings lay the cornerstone to further studies elucidating the underlying mechanisms of organotropism of metastases.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.