ArticleEClinicalMedicine2021
Outcomes among patients with breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection after vaccination in a high-risk national population.
Article in EClinicalMedicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in the Elderly: A Systemic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of general internal medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Clinical manifestations of COVID-19 breakthrough infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of medical virology · 2022Pooled it
- Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of vaccinated COVID-19 patients: A meta-analysis and systematic review.International journal of immunopathology and pharmacologyPooled it
- The WHO Algorithm for Causality Assessment of Adverse Effects Following Immunization with Genetic-Based Anti-COVID-19 Vaccines: Pitfalls and Suggestions for Improvement.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Evaluation of antibody responses in healthy individuals receiving SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccines.Biosafety and health · 2024Article
- Increased Risk of Breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 Infections in Patients with Colorectal Cancer: A Population-Based Propensity-Matched Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir Use and Hospitalizations or Death in a Previously Uninfected Nonhospitalized High-Risk Population With COVID-19: A Matched Cohort Study.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir or Molnupiravir for treatment of non-hospitalized patients with COVID-19 at risk of disease progression.PloS one · 2024Article
- Th2 and Th17-associated immunopathology following SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection in Spike-vaccinated ACE2-humanized mice.Journal of medical virology · 2024Article
- Th2 and Th17-Associated Immunopathology Following SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough Infection in Spike-Vaccinated ACE2-humanized Mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Molnupiravir Use and 30-Day Hospitalizations or Death in a Previously Uninfected Nonhospitalized High-risk Population With COVID-19.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Article
- Risk of COVID-19 breakthrough infection and hospitalization in individuals with comorbidities.Vaccine · 2023Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough Infections in Health Care Workers: An Italian Retrospective Cohort Study on Characteristics, Clinical Course and Outcomes.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- A comparison of severity of illness between the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant and Delta variant.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2023Article
- Analysis of Severe Illness After Postvaccination COVID-19 Breakthrough Among Adults With and Without HIV in the US.JAMA network open · 2022Article
- Comparative COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness Over Time in Veterans.Open forum infectious diseases · 2022Article
- A case series of severe breakthrough infections observed in nine patients with COVID-19 in a southwestern German university hospital.Infection · 2022Article
- Analysis of Postvaccination Breakthrough COVID-19 Infections Among Adults With HIV in the United States.JAMA network open · 2022Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough Infections after introduction of 4 COVID-19 Vaccines, South Korea, 2021.Emerging infectious diseases · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBreakthrough infections after SARS-CoV-2 infection have been reported. Clinical outcomes among persons with breakthrough infection are not known.
methodsWe retrospectively identified all Veterans with a confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection >14 days after the second dose of either Pfizer-BNT-162b2 or Moderna-mRNA-1273 vaccine between December 15, 2020 and March 30, 2021, and age, race, sex, body mass index, Charlson comorbidity index, geographical location, and date of positive test matched unvaccinated controls with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our primary endpoint was the rate or severe disease defined as hospitalization, mechanical ventilation, or death in both groups.
findingsAmong 258,716 persons with both doses of vaccines and 756,150 without any vaccination, we identified 271 (0.1%) vaccinated persons with breakthrough infection and 48,114 (6.4%) unvaccinated matched controls with infection between December 15, 2020 and March 30, 2021. Among 213 matched pairs, symptoms were present in 33.3% of those with breakthrough infection and 42.2% of the controls. A total of 79 persons met the definition of severe disease or death (42 in the breakthrough infection group and 37 in the control group). Rate of severe disease or death per 1,000 person-days (95% CI) was 4.08 (2.64,5.31) among those with breakthrough infection and 3.6 (2.53,4.73) among the controls (
interpretationDemographic or clinical factors are not associated with a lower risk of severe disease or death in persons with breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection.
fundingNone.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.