ArticleJournal of children's orthopaedics2021
Diagnosis and staging of malignant bone tumours in children: what is due and what is new?
Article in Journal of children's orthopaedics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- MORTALITY PROFILE FROM PEDIATRIC BONE NEOPLASIA IN MINAS GERAIS (2015-2024).Acta ortopedica brasileira · 2026Article
- Challenges in Diagnosing Diaphyseal Osteosarcoma - Importance of Strong Clinical Suspicion and Biopsy Technique: An Illustrative Case Report.Journal of orthopaedic case reports · 2025Article
- Impact of metadata in multimodal classification of bone tumours.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2024Article
- How to distinguish a benign from a malignant tumour in children and when should a biopsy be done and by whom.EFORT open reviews · 2024Review
- Detecting bone lesions in X-ray under diverse acquisition conditions.Journal of medical imaging (Bellingham, Wash.) · 2024Article
- Artificial intelligence and machine learning applications for the imaging of bone and soft tissue tumors.Frontiers in radiology · 2024Review
- Special Issue: "Pediatric Orthopedic Malignancy: Types, Symptoms, and Treatment".Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Malignant bone tumours in children: What's up?Journal of children's orthopaedics · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeAlthough malignant bone tumours in children are infrequent, it is important to know how to properly diagnose and stage them, in order to establish an adequate treatment.
methodsWe present a review of the diagnostic workflow of malignant bone tumours in children, including history and clinical examination, imaging, laboratory tests and biopsy techniques. Moreover, the two most commonly used staging systems are reviewed.
resultsHistory, clinical examination and laboratory tests are nonspecific for diagnosing malignant bone tumours in children. Radiographs remain the mainstay for initial diagnosis, with MRI the modality of choice for local assessment and staging. Fluorine-18 labelled fluoro-deoxy-glucose-positron emission tomography scans provide a noninvasive method to assess the aggressiveness of the tumour and to rule out metastasis and is replacing the use of the bone scintigraphy. Biopsy must be always performed under the direction of the surgeon who is to perform the surgical treatment and after all diagnostic evaluation has been done. Staging systems are useful to study the extent of the tumour and its prognosis. They are expected to evolve as we better understand new molecular and genetic findings.
conclusionWhen a malignant bone tumour is suspected in a child, it is essential to make a correct diagnosis and referral to an experienced centre. Following an appropriate workflow for diagnosis and staging facilitates, prompt access to treatment improves outcomes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level V Expert opinion.
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