Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34475733›Full record

ArticleAnnals of gastroenterology

Short versus standard peroral endoscopic myotomy for esophageal achalasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Sami Ghazaleh, Azizullah Beran, Yasmin Khader, Christian Nehme, Justin Chuang, Sachit Sharma, Muhammad Aziz, Zubair Khan, Ahmed M Elzanaty, Jordan Burlen and 1 more

Open access · diamondAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Annals of gastroenterology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
3.6field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. The per-oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) era in Saudi Arabia: Bridging tertiary-center experience with clinical care pathways.Saudi journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Saudi Gastroenterology Association · 2026
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Modern Achalasia: Diagnosis, Classification, and Treatment.Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility · 2023
    Review
  11. Third-space endoscopy: the final frontier.Gastroenterology report · 2023
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Changes in Distensibility Index During an Incremental POEM Myotomy.Journal of gastrointestinal surgery : official journal of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract · 2022
    Article
  15. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Sami GhazalehDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH (Sami Ghazaleh, Azizullah Beran, Yasmin Khader, Christian Nehme, Justin Chuang, Sachit Sharma, Ahmed M. Elzanaty).
Azizullah BeranDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH (Sami Ghazaleh, Azizullah Beran, Yasmin Khader, Christian Nehme, Justin Chuang, Sachit Sharma, Ahmed M. Elzanaty).
Yasmin KhaderDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH (Sami Ghazaleh, Azizullah Beran, Yasmin Khader, Christian Nehme, Justin Chuang, Sachit Sharma, Ahmed M. Elzanaty).
Christian NehmeDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH (Sami Ghazaleh, Azizullah Beran, Yasmin Khader, Christian Nehme, Justin Chuang, Sachit Sharma, Ahmed M. Elzanaty).
Justin ChuangDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH (Sami Ghazaleh, Azizullah Beran, Yasmin Khader, Christian Nehme, Justin Chuang, Sachit Sharma, Ahmed M. Elzanaty).
Sachit SharmaDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH (Sami Ghazaleh, Azizullah Beran, Yasmin Khader, Christian Nehme, Justin Chuang, Sachit Sharma, Ahmed M. Elzanaty).
Muhammad AzizDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH (Muhammad Aziz, Jordan Burlen, Ali Nawras).
Zubair KhanDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Texas, Houston, TX (Zubair Khan), USA.
Ahmed M ElzanatyDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH (Sami Ghazaleh, Azizullah Beran, Yasmin Khader, Christian Nehme, Justin Chuang, Sachit Sharma, Ahmed M. Elzanaty).
Jordan BurlenDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH (Muhammad Aziz, Jordan Burlen, Ali Nawras).
Ali NawrasDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH (Muhammad Aziz, Jordan Burlen, Ali Nawras).
University of Toledo · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPeroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is increasingly used to treat esophageal achalasia, but is associated with a high rate of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The aim of our meta-analysis was to compare short and standard POEM in terms of clinical success and postoperative GERD.

methodsWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that compared POEM using short myotomy with standard myotomy. The primary outcome was clinical success. Secondary outcomes were postoperative GERD, perioperative complications, operation time, and length of hospital stay. A random-effects model was used to calculate the risk ratios (RR), mean differences (MD), and confidence intervals (CI). A P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

resultsWe included 5 studies involving 474 esophageal achalasia patients. Short and standard myotomies were similar in terms of clinical success (RR 1.02, 95%CI 0.97-1.09), perioperative complications (RR 0.68, 95%CI 0.26-1.75), and length of hospital stay (MD 0.25 days, 95%CI -0.14-0.63). Operation time was shorter for short myotomy (MD -15.01 mins, 95%CI -20.34 - -9.67). Although reflux symptoms were similar (RR 0.94, 95%CI 0.51-1.74), short myotomy had a lower risk of reflux esophagitis on endoscopy (RR 0.61, 95%CI 0.39-0.98), and pathologic acid exposure on pH monitoring (RR 0.58, 95%CI 0.36-0.94).

conclusionsPOEM using a shorter myotomy is comparable with standard myotomy in terms of efficacy and safety in the short-term setting. A short myotomy requires a shorter operation time and might reduce the occurrence of postoperative GERD.

Indexed as

endoscopyEsophageal achalasiagastroesophageal reflux diseasemyotomy

Identifiers

PMID34475733
PMCPMC8375650
OpenAlexW3170455135

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.