Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34474988›Full record

ArticleSleep health2021

Designing adolescent sleep interventions with stakeholder input.

Jessica C Levenson, Hannah A Ford, Zoe Maria Dominique Reyes, Aishwarya Mukundan, Garima Patel, Sigalle Bahary, Elizabeth Miller

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sleep health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. A sleep promotion program for insufficient sleep among adolescents: a pilot feasibility randomized controlled trial.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Jessica C LevensonDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. Electronic address: levensonjc@upmc.edu.
Hannah A FordDepartment of Pediatrics, Center for Advancement of Youth, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA; Behavioral Science Division, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Zoe Maria Dominique ReyesUniversity of Pittsburgh School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Aishwarya MukundanDepartment of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Garima PatelSwanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Sigalle BaharyDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; College of Behavioral and Social Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA.
Elizabeth MillerDivision of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.

Funding

Subject Management and BiobankingP50DA046346 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI Colleen A McClung · 2020 to 2026
$23.4M
Targeted Intervention for Insufficient Sleep among Typically-Developing AdolescentsK23HD087433 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI LEVENSON, JESSICA C · 2017 to 2021
$670k
NICHD NIH HHS K23 HD087433NIDA NIH HHS P50 DA046346
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveFew sleep promotion programs for adolescents have involved stakeholders as part of the intervention development, which may contribute to their limited accessibility, scalability, acceptability, and feasibility. Specifically asking stakeholders for their input on how to modify factors impacting sleep is critical, as is identifying strategies for motivating sleep behavior change. We report qualitative feedback from stakeholders interested in improving adolescent sleep, data collected specifically to inform the development of an adolescent sleep promotion program.

participantsWe conducted 9 focus groups (3 each for young adults (n = 8, ages 21-25), parents of adolescents (n = 12), and healthcare providers working with adolescents (n = 29) following a semistructured approach.

designParticipants reported on contributors to good and poor sleep; motivators for improving sleep; strategies for promoting and sustaining behavior change; and feasibility of a proposed sleep promotion program. We coded and thematically analyzed focus group transcripts using inductive and deductive approaches.

resultsModerate engagement in activities (eg, a job, sports) was seen as a contributor to good sleep, while having too many or too few activities was thought to contribute to poor sleep. Linking improved sleep with personalized outcomes of interest can enhance motivation for changing sleep. Strategies for behavior change should rely on increasing internal motivation, personalizing intervention content, and having parents model desired behaviors.

conclusionsKey stakeholders are critical to the development of acceptable interventions that can be implemented effectively in real-world settings. Future work should test whether the identified themes contribute to increased feasibility, scalability, and effectiveness of sleep programs.

Indexed as

MotivationParentsAdolescentAdultFocus GroupsHealth PersonnelHumansSleepYoung AdultAdolescentImplementationInterventionMotivationStakeholder

Identifiers

PMID34474988
PMCPMC8545848

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.