ArticlePrenatal diagnosis2021
Serial neurosonography in fetuses with congenital heart defects shows mild delays in cortical development.
Article in Prenatal diagnosis, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neurosonographic Evaluation of Cerebral Cortical Development in Fetuses With Congenital Heart Disease: A Systematic Review of the Literature.Prenatal diagnosis · 2025Pooled it
- Corpus callosum and subarachnoid space measurements in fetuses with congenital heart disease: a prospective case-control study.Ultrasonography (Seoul, Korea) · 2026Article
- Clinical Grading of Artificial Intelligence-Based 3D Fetal Brain Segmentations: A Cross-Vendor Evaluation of Deep Learning in Fetal Neuroimaging.Prenatal diagnosis · 2026Article
- Feasibility of neurosonography in CHD-fetuses and controls in a clinical tertiary setting.European journal of obstetrics & gynecology and reproductive biology: X · 2024Article
- Serial neurosonography in fetuses with congenital heart defects shows mild delays in cortical development.Prenatal diagnosis · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionNeurodevelopmental delay is more common in children born with congenital heart defects (CHD), even with optimal perinatal and peri-operative care. It is hypothesized that fetuses with CHD are prone to neurological impairment in utero due to their cardiac defect, possibly leading to delayed cortical development.
methodsCerebral cortical maturation was assessed with advanced neurosonographic examinations every 4 weeks in fetuses with CHD and compared to control fetuses. Five different primary fissures and four areas were scored (ranging 0-5) by blinded examiners using a cortical maturation scheme.
resultsCortical staging was assessed in 574 ultrasound examinations in 85 CHD fetuses and 61 controls. Small differences in grading were seen in Sylvian and cingulate fissures. (Sylvian fissure: -0.12 grade, 95% CI (-0.23; -0.01) p = 0.05, cingulate fissure: -0.24 grade, 95% CI (-0.38; -0.10) p = <0.001. Other cortical areas showed normal maturation as compared to control fetuses.
conclusionSmall differences were seen in three of the nine analyzed cortical areas in CHD fetuses, in contrast to previous reports on progressive third-trimester delay. The clinical implications of the small differences however, remain unknown.
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