Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34474055›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of infection2021

Healthcare-associated COVID-19 in England: A national data linkage study.

Alex Bhattacharya, Simon M Collin, James Stimson, Simon Thelwall, Olisaeloka Nsonwu, Sarah Gerver, Julie Robotham, Mark Wilcox, Susan Hopkins, Russell Hope

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of infection, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
42citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

42 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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  11. Evolution of illness severity in hospital admissions due to COVID-19, Québec, Canada, January to April 2022.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Alex BhattacharyaHealthcare-Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance (HCAI and AMR) Division, National Infection Service, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, United Kingdom.
Simon M CollinHealthcare-Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance (HCAI and AMR) Division, National Infection Service, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, United Kingdom.
James StimsonHealthcare-Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance (HCAI and AMR) Division, National Infection Service, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, United Kingdom.
Simon ThelwallHealthcare-Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance (HCAI and AMR) Division, National Infection Service, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, United Kingdom.
Olisaeloka NsonwuHealthcare-Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance (HCAI and AMR) Division, National Infection Service, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, United Kingdom.
Sarah GerverHealthcare-Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance (HCAI and AMR) Division, National Infection Service, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, United Kingdom; National Institute of Health Research Health Protection Research Unit, Oxford University and Public Health England, United Kingdom.
Julie RobothamHealthcare-Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance (HCAI and AMR) Division, National Infection Service, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, United Kingdom; National Institute of Health Research Health Protection Research Unit, Oxford University and Public Health England, United Kingdom.
Mark WilcoxHealthcare-Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance (HCAI and AMR) Division, National Infection Service, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, United Kingdom; Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.
Susan HopkinsHealthcare-Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance (HCAI and AMR) Division, National Infection Service, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, United Kingdom; National Institute of Health Research Health Protection Research Unit, Oxford University and Public Health England, United Kingdom; Department of Health and Social Care, NHS Test & Trace, London, United Kingdom.
Russell HopeHealthcare-Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance (HCAI and AMR) Division, National Infection Service, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, United Kingdom; National Institute of Health Research Health Protection Research Unit, Oxford University and Public Health England, United Kingdom. Electronic address: russell.hope@phe.gov.uk.

Funding

Medical Research Council MR/W02067X/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesNosocomial transmission was an important aspect of SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV outbreaks. Healthcare-associated SARS-CoV-2 infection has been reported in single and multi-site hospital-based studies in England, but not nationally.

methodsAdmission records for all hospitals in England were linked to SARS-CoV-2 national test data for the period 01/03/2020 to 31/08/2020. Case definitions were: community-onset community-acquired, first positive test <14 days pre-admission, up to day 2 of admission; hospital-onset indeterminate healthcare-associated, first positive on day 3-7; hospital-onset probable healthcare-associated, first positive on day 8-14; hospital-onset definite healthcare-associated, first positive from day 15 of admission until discharge; community-onset possible healthcare-associated, first positive test ≤14 days post-discharge.

resultsOne-third (34.4%, 100,859/293,204) of all laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases were linked to a hospital record. Hospital-onset probable and definite cases represented 5.3% (15,564/293,204) of all laboratory-confirmed cases and 15.4% (15,564/100,859) of laboratory-confirmed cases among hospital patients. Community-onset community-acquired and community-onset possible healthcare-associated cases represented 86.5% (253,582/293,204) and 5.1% (14,913/293,204) of all laboratory-confirmed cases, respectively.

conclusionsUp to 1 in 6 SARS-CoV-2 infections among hospitalised patients with COVID-19 in England during the first 6 months of the pandemic could be attributed to nosocomial transmission, but these represent less than 1% of the estimated 3 million COVID-19 cases in this period.

Indexed as

COVID-19AftercareDelivery of Health CareHumansInformation Storage and RetrievalPatient DischargeSARS-CoV-2Community-onset infectionCOVID-19Healthcare-associated infectionSars-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID34474055
PMCPMC8404398

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.