ReviewNeuroscience and biobehavioral reviews2021
The biological significance and clinical utility of emerging blood biomarkers for traumatic brain injury.
Review in Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed.
- Thermoregulatory and plasma neurobiomarker responses to heat tolerance assessment in exertional heat illness and matched controls.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Brain Biomarkers in Pediatric Cardiac Disease: A Scoping Review of the Literature from 1998 to 2026.Pediatric cardiology · 2026Review
- Toxoplasma gondii infection is associated with changes in chronic outcomes in traumatic brain injury.Translational psychiatry · 2026Observational
- Research progress on biomarkers of traumatic brain injury.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- Blood-brain barrier breakdown in traumatic brain injury: current insights and future directions.Cancer gene therapy · 2026Review
- Diagnostic Accuracy of Plasma Biomarkers for Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Older Adults.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Fibrinogen Changes Before and After Intravenous Thrombolysis as Predictors of Cerebral Injury and Clinical Outcomes in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- Near-care assay of plasma glial fibrillary acid protein and ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase isozyme L1 with shorter and prolonged duration exercise.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Integrated Blood Biomarker and Neurobehavioural Signatures of Latent Neuroinjury in Experienced Military Breachers Exposed to Repetitive Low-Intensity Blast.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Upregulation of interleukin-1β and interleukin-18 in traumatic brain injury patients and their potential as biomarkers.PloS one · 2026Article
- Article
- Exploratory proteomic biomarker combinations associated with post-concussion symptoms following a concussion in adolescents.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Article
- The normative modelling framework for traumatic brain injury.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2025Review
- Early prediction and warning of MODS following major trauma via identification of cytokine storm: A prospective cohort study.Chinese journal of traumatology = Zhonghua chuang shang za zhi · 2025Article
- Association Between Acute Plasma Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Levels and White Matter Integrity in Recent Trauma Survivors.Journal of neurotrauma · 2025Article
- ALKBH5 demethylates the mProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Article
- Extracellular vesicles as biomarkers for traumatic brain injury using a 3D in vitro human brain tissue model.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Affective and chronic fatigue symptoms are associated with serum neuronal damage markers in Parkinson's disease.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
HUIBREGTSE, M.E, Bazarian, J.J., Shultz, S.R., and Kawata K. The biological significance and clinical utility of emerging blood biomarkers for traumatic brain injury. NEUROSCI BIOBEHAV REV XX (130) 433-447, 2021.- Blood biomarkers can serve as objective measures to gauge traumatic brain injury (TBI) severity, identify patients at risk for adverse outcomes, and predict recovery duration, yet the clinical use of blood biomarkers for TBI is limited to a select few and only to rule out the need for CT scanning. The biomarkers often examined in neurotrauma research are proteomic markers, which can reflect a range of pathological processes such as cellular damage, astrogliosis, or neuroinflammation. However, proteomic blood biomarkers are vulnerable to degradation, resulting in short half-lives. Emerging biomarkers for TBI may reflect the complex genetic and neurometabolic alterations that occur following TBI that are not captured by proteomics, are less vulnerable to degradation, and are comprised of microRNA, extracellular vesicles, and neurometabolites. Therefore, this review aims to summarize our understanding of how biomarkers for brain injury escape the brain parenchymal space and appear in the bloodstream, update recent research findings in several proteomic biomarkers, and characterize biological significance and examine clinical utility of microRNA, extracellular vesicles, and neurometabolites.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.