ArticlePloS one2021
Basic and complex cognitive functions in Adult ADHD.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Effects of whole-body vibration on cognitive function: a systematic review and meta-analysis.GeroScience · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy of home based computerized adaptive cognitive training in patients with post stroke cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Self-Reported ADHD Symptoms and Cognitive Performance in a National Sample of US Older Adults.Journal of attention disorders · 2026Article
- Article
- Differential working memory changes following methylphenidate in medication-naive and medication-experienced adults with ADHD.PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2026Article
- hiPSC-derived cortical neurons from ADHD individuals reveal dysregulated glutamatergic development.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- A comprehensive investigation into EEG spectral analysis for ADHD brain dominance.AIMS neuroscience · 2026Article
- A locus coeruleus-centric framework for novelty, salience, and gamma oscillations: implications for neurostimulation, aging, and disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Patients ≤25 Years of Age: A National Database Study of Prevalence and Outcomes.Ochsner journal · 2026Article
- Exploring AI-assisted design of executive function rehabilitation programs for individuals with ADHD: a mixed-methods evaluation of prompts and chatgpt outputs.BMC psychology · 2025Article
- Clinical Decision Support Systems and Artificial Intelligence in ADHD Assessment and Rehabilitation: Opportunities and Challenges for Technology-Assisted Care.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Clinical practice guidelines - An overview of cognitive remediation for various neuropsychiatric disorders.Indian journal of psychiatry · 2025Article
- Clinical practice guidelines on cognitive impairment and ADHD-Assessment and Management.Indian journal of psychiatry · 2025Article
- The neurosociological paradigm of the metaverse.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Childhood ADHD and subthreshold symptoms are associated with cognitive functioning at age 40-a cohort study on perinatal birth risks.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Article
- Exploring the Relationship between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Executive Functioning in Adults with ADHD.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- Time Perception in Adult ADHD: Findings from a Decade-A Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Review
- Detecting Early Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer's Disease with Brain Synaptic Structural and Functional Evaluation.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Disentangling racing thoughts from mind wandering in adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMany clinical studies reported deficits in basic and complex cognitive functions in adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). However, the extent in which deficits in basic functions (i.e., processing speed and distractibility) contribute to complex cognitive impairments (i.e., working memory, planning, cognitive flexibility, memory functions) in adults with ADHD is not well-studied. So far, literature show only one study, revealing that basic functions explain 27-74% of executive dysfunctions. Yet, the authors reported that findings could be affected by the selection of neuropsychological tests. The goal of the present research is to replicate such a finding using a different sample and a different set of neuropsychological tests.
methodsForty-eight adult patients with ADHD were compared with 48 healthy controls in basic cognitive functions, namely processing speed and distractibility and more complex cognitive functions, namely selective attention, cognitive flexibility, planning, working memory, verbal fluency, and verbal memory. Basic and complex cognitive functions were assessed using the Vigilance and Sustained Attention, Selective Attention, N-Back, Tower of London, Trail Making Test, Word Fluency, and Verbal Learning and Memory. RESULTS AND
conclusionLogistic regression analyses showed that impairments in complex cognitive functions explained 25% of the variance in ADHD diagnosis. The explained variance dropped from 25% to 9% after considering basic functions of processing speed and distractibility. This 64% reduction highlights the importance of basic functions for impairments in complex functions in patients with ADHD.
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