ArticleJournal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA2022
Operationalizing and analyzing 2-step gender identity questions: Methodological and ethical considerations.
Article in Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Protective Factors Against Violence and Substance Use in Adolescents: A Latent Class Analysis.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2026Article
- School engagement and mental health in adolescence: longitudinal and bidirectional relationships.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Adolescent Social Networks and School Engagement Across the High School Transition.Pediatrics open science · 2026Article
- Scrolling, Chatting, and Posting: Longitudinal Changes in Distinct Social Media Behaviors and Their Relationship With Psychological Distress and Mental Wellbeing in Adolescents.Journal of adolescence · 2026Article
- Comparing two-step approaches to measuring gender identity: the reliability and applications of asking about sex assigned at birth vs transgender self-identification.American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Emergency department presentations by trans and gender diverse people in Sydney, Australia: Retrospective case series.Emergency medicine Australasia : EMA · 2025Article
- Getting precise about gender and sex measurement: a primer for epidemiologists.American journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Community Asset Density and Past-Year Mental Health Symptoms Among Youths.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Sexual orientation, gender identity and virologic failure among people with HIV: a cohort study in all of US research program.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Trajectories of Gender Identity and Depressive Symptoms in Youths.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Article
- Article
- Social Support for Rural Gender Diverse Youth Compared to Cisgender Peers.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2023Article
- Quantifying Facial Feminization Surgery's Impact: Focus on Patient Facial Satisfaction.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2023Article
- Identifying protective factors for gender diverse adolescents' mental health.Npj mental health research · 2023Article
- Informatics for sex- and gender-related health: understanding the problems, developing new methods, and designing new solutions.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTwo-step questions to assess gender identity are recommended for optimizing care delivery for gender-diverse individuals. As gender identity fields are increasingly integrated into electronic health records, guidance is needed on how to analyze these data. The goal of this study was to assess potential approaches for analyzing 2-step gender identity questions and the impact of each on suicidal ideation. MATERIALS AND
methodsA regional Youth Risk Behavior Survey in one Northeastern school district used a 2-step question to assess gender identity. Three gender measurement strategies (GMSs) were used to operationalize gender identity, (1) combining all gender-diverse youth (GDY) into one category, (2) grouping GDY based on sex assigned at birth, and (3) categorizing GDY based on binary and nonbinary identities. Mixed-effects logistic regression was used to compare odds of suicidal ideation between gender identity categories for each GMS.
resultsOf the 3010 participants, 8.3% were GDY. Subcategories of GDY had significantly higher odds (odds ratio range, 1.6-2.9) of suicidal ideation than cisgender girls regardless of GMS, while every category of GDY had significantly higher odds (odds ratio range, 2.1-5.0) of suicidal ideation than cisgender boys.
conclusionsThe field of clinical informatics has an opportunity to incorporate inclusive items like the 2-step gender identity question into electronic health records to optimize care and strengthen clinical research. Analysis of the 2-step gender identity question impacts study results and interpretation. Attention to how data about GDY are captured will support for more nuanced, tailored analyses that better reflect unique experiences within this population.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.