Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34471991›Full record

ArticleAdvances in therapy2021

Prevalence of Metabolic Acidosis Among Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and Hyperkalemia.

Erin E Cook, Jill Davis, Rubeen Israni, Fan Mu, Keith A Betts, Deborah Anzalone, Lei Yin, Harold Szerlip, Gabriel I Uwaifo, Vivian Fonseca and 1 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Advances in therapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 27% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Hyperkalemia in Severe Burn Injuries: Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Advances.Journal of community hospital internal medicine perspectives · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Erin E CookAnalysis Group, Boston, MA, USA. Erin.Cook@analysisgroup.com.
Jill DavisAstraZeneca at the Time the Study was Conducted, Wilmington, DE, USA.
Rubeen IsraniAstraZeneca at the Time the Study was Conducted, Wilmington, DE, USA.
Fan MuAnalysis Group, Boston, MA, USA.
Keith A BettsAnalysis Group, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Deborah AnzaloneAstraZeneca at the Time the Study was Conducted, Wilmington, DE, USA.
Lei YinAnalysis Group, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Harold SzerlipBaylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
Gabriel I UwaifoOchsner Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, USA.
Vivian FonsecaTulane University Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, USA.
Eric Q WuAnalysis Group, Boston, MA, USA.
Analysis Group (United States) · USAstraZeneca (United States) · USBaylor University Medical Center · USOchsner Medical Center · USTulane University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionAlthough hyperkalemia and metabolic acidosis often co-occur in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), the prevalence of metabolic acidosis among patients with CKD and hyperkalemia is understudied. Therefore, we used medical record data from the Research Action for Health Network to estimate this prevalence.

methodsAdult patients with CKD stage 3-5, ≥ 1 outpatient potassium value > 5.0 mEq/l, and ≥ 1 outpatient bicarbonate value available were identified. Patients with end stage kidney disease (ESKD) in the prior year were excluded. The prevalence of metabolic acidosis in each calendar year from 2014 to 2017 among patients with CKD and hyperkalemia was estimated using two definitions of hyperkalemia (potassium > 5.0 mEq/l and > 5.5 mEq/l) and metabolic acidosis (bicarbonate < 18 mEq/l and < 22 mEq/l).

resultsIn the 2017 patient cohort and among patients with CKD and hyperkalemia, patients with metabolic acidosis were younger (69 versus 74 years), more likely to have advanced CKD (35% versus 13%), and use oral sodium bicarbonate (21% versus 4%) than patients without metabolic acidosis. The prevalence of metabolic acidosis (< 22 mEq/l) ranged from 25 to 29% when hyperkalemia was defined by potassium > 5.0 mEq/l and ranged from 33 to 39% when hyperkalemia was defined by potassium > 5.5 mEq/l.

conclusionResults demonstrated that prevalence estimates of metabolic acidosis varied based on the definition of hyperkalemia and metabolic acidosis utilized.

Indexed as

AcidosisHyperkalemiaRenal Insufficiency, ChronicHumansPotassiumPrevalencePotassiumChronic kidney diseaseElectronic medical recordsHyperkalemiaMetabolic acidosisPrevalence

Identifiers

PMID34471991
PMCPMC8478736
OpenAlexW3196791113

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.