ReviewBioelectricity2019
Irreversible Electroporation: Background, Theory, and Review of Recent Developments in Clinical Oncology.
Review in Bioelectricity, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 82 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
82 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Assessment of Ablation Therapy in Pancreatic Cancer: The Radiologist's Challenge.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Pooled it
- Parameter-Dependent Electroporation and Cellular Responses Induced by Microsecond Pulsed Electric Fields: Different Sensitivity of Two Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cell Lines.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Review
- Efficacy and safety of multiple treatments for small hepatocellular carcinoma: an updated systematic review and component network meta analysis.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
- Intranasal vs. Device-Assisted Drug Delivery: Advantages and Limitations for the Delivery of Biopharmaceuticals to the CNS.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Stereotactic two-needle irreversible electroporation of liver tumors near critical structures: a proof-of-concept study.European radiology experimental · 2026Article
- Electric-Fish-Inspired Thin Hydrogel Electrocytes Achieve High Power Density and Environmental Robustness.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Article
- Nanotechnology-Enabled Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Theranostics, Combination Regimens, and Translation.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Microfluidic Electroporation: Recent Advances and Applications.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Role of cell density and proximity in electroporation for tissue ablation.Communications physics · 2026Article
- Article
- Invasive properties of patient-derived glioblastoma cells after reversible electroporationRadiology and oncology · 2025Article
- Mitigating muscle contractions during pulsed field ablation by utilizing intersegment delays.Bioelectrochemistry (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- In Situ Vaccination by Tumor Ablation: Principles and Prospects for Systemic Antitumor Immunity.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Characterization of glioma spheroid viability and metastatic potential following monophasic and biphasic pulsed electric fields.Bioelectrochemistry (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- Article
- Excitation and electroporation in genetically engineered excitable S-HEK cells exposed to electric pulses of different durations.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Review
- Pulsed field ablation in medicine: irreversible electroporation and electropermeabilization theory and applications.Radiology and oncology · 2025Review
22 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has established a clinical niche as an alternative to thermal ablation for the eradication of unresectable tumors, particularly those near critical vascular structures. IRE has been used in over 50 independent clinical trials and has shown clinical success when used as a standalone treatment and as a single component within combinatorial treatment paradigms. Recently, many studies evaluating IRE in larger patient cohorts and alongside other novel therapies have been reported. Here, we present the basic principles of reversible electroporation and IRE followed by a review of preclinical and clinical data with a focus on tumors in three organ systems in which IRE has shown great promise: the prostate, pancreas, and liver. Finally, we discuss alternative and future developments, which will likely further advance the use of IRE in the clinic.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.