ReviewArteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology2021
Six Shades of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Illuminated by KLF4 (Krüppel-Like Factor 4).
Review in Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 181 papers.
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Who cites it
181 citing papers in PubMed, 265 citations in OpenAlex.
- Epitranscriptomic profiling of VSMC phenotypes reveals uridine modifications linked to post-transcriptional regulation.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Article
- Mechanosensitive Stanniocalcin-1 Suppresses Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation and Attenuates Experimental Pulmonary Hypertension.Circulation research · 2026Article
- Single-cell transcriptomics reveals cell-type-specific circadian rhythms and their disruption by acute misalignment in mouse aorta.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Maladaptive Piezo1 Mechanotransduction Drives Smooth Muscle Aging in the Gut.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Halo: a pretrained model for whole-cell segmentation from nuclei images in spatial transcriptomics.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2026Article
- Exacerbated expansive vascular remodeling due to disturbed flow in male mice overexpressing protein disulfide isomerase-A1.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- ZHX2 Alleviates Vascular Remodeling and Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation by Transcriptional Regulation of GADD45G.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Article
- Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Plasticity in Atherosclerosis: Mechanisms, Recent Advances, and Therapeutic Implications.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- LINC00152/miR-145-5p/KLF4 ceRNA Axis: Diagnostic and Prognostic Value in Aortic Dissection.APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica · 2026Article
- Single-cell analysis of the progeria arterial wall reveals progerin-induced progressive, cell type-specific dysfunction and somatic mutation accumulation.Genome medicine · 2026Article
- Macrophage membrane-functionalized biomimetic Yiqi Huoxue formula nanoparticles improve atherosclerosis by regulating smooth muscle cell phenotypic transition via the KLF4/NF-κB pathway.Chinese medicine · 2026Article
- PERK Is Dispensable for Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotype Switching in Atherosclerosis.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2026Article
- Induction of Smooth Muscle Differentiation in Fibroblasts by Modulation of Cytoplasmic Actin Ratio.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Aortic Single-Cell Transcriptome Analysis Reveals ApoE-Isoform-Specific Influences on Vascular Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- miR-146a-5p mediates atherogenic signalling from immune to vascular cells.Cardiovascular research · 2026Article
- Erosion or Explosion: Integrated Single-Cell Transcriptomics Reveals Cellular Heterogeneity in Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection.Inflammation · 2026Article
- E2F5 Accelerates Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Phenotype Switching in Diabetic Atherosclerosis through Activating Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2026Article
- Inflammatory macrophages drive smooth muscle dedifferentiation via YAP signaling in murine deep vein thrombosis.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Article
- Vascular smooth muscle cell-derived KIF13B inhibits proinflammatory responses to protect against atherosclerosis.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- ARF6 controls VSMC phenotypic switching upon lipid stimulation to promote inflammatory signaling contributing to the progression of atherosclerosis.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
121 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multiple layers of vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMCs) are present in blood vessels forming the media of the vessel wall. vSMCs provide a vessel wall structure, enabling it to contract and relax, thus modulating blood flow. They also play a crucial role in the development of vascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis and aortic aneurysm formation. vSMCs display a remarkable high degree of plasticity. At present, the number of different vSMC phenotypes has only partially been characterized. By mapping vSMC phenotypes in detail and identifying triggers for phenotype switching, the relevance of the different phenotypes in vascular disease may be identified. Up until recently, vSMCs were classified as either contractile or dedifferentiated (ie, synthetic). However, single-cell RNA sequencing studies revealed such dedifferentiated arterial vSMCs to be highly diverse. Currently, no consensus exist about the number of vSMC phenotypes. Therefore, we reviewed the data from relevant single-cell RNA sequencing studies, and classified a total of 6 vSMC phenotypes. The central dedifferentiated vSMC type that we classified is the mesenchymal-like phenotype. Mesenchymal-like vSMCs subsequently seem to differentiate into fibroblast-like, macrophage-like, osteogenic-like, and adipocyte-like vSMCs, which contribute differentially to vascular disease. This phenotype switching between vSMCs requires the transcription factor KLF4 (Kruppel-like factor 4). Here, we performed an integrated analysis of the data about the recently identified vSMC phenotypes, their associated gene expression profiles, and previous vSMC knowledge to better understand the role of vSMC phenotype transitions in vascular pathology.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.