ArticleAlcoholism, clinical and experimental research2021
Combined smoking and alcohol cues: Effects on craving, drug-seeking, and consumption.
Article in Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Combined Effects of Alcohol Consumption and Smoking on Cancer Risk by Exposure Level: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of Korean medical science · 2024Pooled it
- "Cigarettes led me back to smoking tik": lived experience perspectives on tobacco use during substance use treatment and recovery in South Africa.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2026Article
- Learning Mechanisms in Alcohol Use Disorders.Addiction biology · 2026Review
- Network localization of gray matter alterations in chronic smokers using the normative functional connectome.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Age- and sex-standardized prevalence of alcohol consumption and its determinants in the western region of Iran, Ilam: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Does alcohol consumption elevate smoking relapse risk of people who used to smoke? Differences by duration of smoking abstinence.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2024Article
- The Relation of Social-ecological Factors and Health Literacy to Medical Students' Alcohol Use Behavior in Hubei Province, China.Journal of research in health sciences · 2023Article
- Simultaneous use of alcohol and cigarettes in a mixed psychiatric sample: Daily-life associations with smoking motives, craving, stimulation, sedation, and affect.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAlcohol and cigarettes are commonly used together, but little is known about their joint motivational impact. Cue reactivity studies have customarily examined alcohol and smoking cues in isolation, despite the potential for cues to elicit stronger motivational responses when combined. This study used a validated cue reactivity procedure (Choice Behavior Under Cued Conditions) systematically to disentangle the separate and joint effects of alcohol and cigarette cues on substance use motivation.
methodsParticipants were 110 adults (M
resultsBoth alcohol and smoking cues enhanced cue-specific craving but not craving for the alternative substance. In a novel finding, combined cues elicited higher craving and greater spending than single-drug cues. All drug cues elicited greater spending than water cues, and spending was moderated by the relative frequency of co-use.
conclusionsWe found that combined alcohol and cigarette cues provoke more powerful craving and drug-seeking responses and, therefore, may be more motivationally potent among individuals who use multiple substances.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.