Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34469556›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2021

The Role of Molecular Testing in Pediatric Meningitis Surveillance in Southern and East African Countries, 2008-2017.

Mignon du Plessis, Linda de Gouveia, Cesar Freitas, Negga Asamene Abera, Budiaki Sylvie Lula, Julia Liliane Raboba, Aquino Albino Nhantumbo, Elana Jantjies, Jeannine Uwimana, Nomcebo Phungwayo and 16 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
0.5field-weighted citation impact, top 35% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 6 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

26 authors at 14 institutions in 13 countries.

Mignon du PlessisCentre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Linda de GouveiaCentre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Cesar FreitasHospital Pediatrico David Bernardino, Luanda, Angola.
Negga Asamene AberaBacteriology National Reference Laboratory, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Budiaki Sylvie LulaDepartment of Microbiology National Reference Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Maseru, Lesotho.
Julia Liliane RabobaDepartment of Child Health, Teaching Hospital, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Mère Enfant Tsaralàlana, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
Aquino Albino NhantumboInstituto Nacional de Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique.
Elana JantjiesNamibia Institute of Pathology, Microbiology, and Windhoek Central Reference Laboratory, Windhoek, Namibia.
Jeannine UwimanaCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Kigali, Kigali, Rwanda.
Nomcebo PhungwayoNational Surveillance Laboratory, eSwatini Health Laboratory Services, eSwatini.
Gugu MaphalalaNational Surveillance Laboratory, eSwatini Health Laboratory Services, eSwatini.
Gilbert MasonaNational Surveillance Laboratory, eSwatini Health Laboratory Services, eSwatini.
John MuyombeBacteriology Laboratory, Bugando Medical Centre, Mwanza, United Republic of Tanzania.
David MugishaMinistry of Health, Bacteriology Laboratory, Mulago Teaching Hospital, Uganda.
Esther NalumansiMinistry of Health, Bacteriology Laboratory, Mulago Teaching Hospital, Uganda.
Moses OdongkaraMinistry of Health, Bacteriology Laboratory, Mulago Teaching Hospital, Uganda.
Chileshe Lukwesa-MusyaniMinistry of Health, University Teaching Hospital, Pathology and Microbiology Department, Lusaka, Zambia.
Ruth NakazweMinistry of Health, University Teaching Hospital, Pathology and Microbiology Department, Lusaka, Zambia.
Vongai DondoHarare Children's Hospital, Harare, Zimbabwe.ORCID 0000-0002-5908-4785
John MacharagaHarare Children's Hospital, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Goitom G WeldegebrielWorld Health Organization Regional Office for Africa, Inter-Country Support Team, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Jason M MwendaWorld Health Organization Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo.
Fatima SerhanWorld Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Adam L CohenWorld Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Fernanda C LessaDivision of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Anne von GottbergCentre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Mulago Hospital · UGNational Health Laboratory Service · ZAHarare Central Hospital · ZWMinistry of Health · ZMWorld Health Organization · CHBugando Medical Centre · TZCenters for Disease Control and Prevention · USCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Kigali · RWEthiopian Public Health Institute · ETInstituto Nacional de Saúde · MZMinistry of Health · LSNamibia Institute of Pathology · NAWorld Health Organization Regional Office for Africa · CGWorld Health Organization - Zimbabwe · ZW

Funding

World Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAs part of the global Invasive Bacterial Vaccine-Preventable Diseases Surveillance Network, 12 African countries referred cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples to South Africa's regional reference laboratory. We evaluated the utility of real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in detecting and serotyping/grouping Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Streptococcus pneumoniae (HNS).

methodsFrom 2008 to 2017, CSF samples collected from children <5 years old with suspected meningitis underwent routine microbiology testing in-country, and 11 680 samples were submitted for HNS PCR at the regional reference laboratory. Unconditional logistic regression, with adjustment for geographic location, was performed to identify factors associated with PCR positivity.

resultsThe overall HNS PCR positivity rate for all countries was 10% (1195 of 11 626 samples). In samples with both PCR and culture results, HNS PCR positivity was 11% (744 of 6747 samples), and HNS culture positivity was 3% (207 of 6747). Molecular serotype/serogroup was assigned in 75% of PCR-positive specimens (762 of 1016). Compared with PCR-negative CSF samples, PCR-positive samples were more often turbid (adjusted odds ratio, 6.80; 95% confidence interval, 5.67-8.17) and xanthochromic (1.72; 1.29-2.28), had elevated white blood cell counts (6.13; 4.71-7.99) and high protein concentrations (5.80; 4.34-7.75), and were more often HNS culture positive (32.70; 23.18-46.12).

conclusionPCR increased detection of vaccine-preventable bacterial meningitis in countries where confirmation of suspected meningitis cases is impeded by limited culture capacity.

Indexed as

Africa, EasternAfrica, SouthernBacterial VaccinesChild, PreschoolFemaleHaemophilus influenzaeHumansInfantInfant, NewbornMaleMeningitis, BacterialMolecular Diagnostic TechniquesNeisseria meningitidisPublic Health SurveillanceReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionStreptococcus pneumoniaeBacterial VaccinesAfricaIB-VPDmeningitis pathogensmolecular testingpediatric bacterial meningitis surveillancereal-time PCR

Identifiers

PMID34469556
PMCPMC8409535
OpenAlexW3197285375

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.