ReviewCurrent atherosclerosis reports2021
Phytosterols and Cardiovascular Disease.
Review in Current atherosclerosis reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Legume Consumption and Risk of All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2023Pooled it
- Higher Cholesterol Absorption Marker at Baseline Predicts Fewer Cardiovascular Events in Elderly Patients Receiving Hypercholesterolemia Treatment: The KEEP Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Trial
- Plant‑derived natural products alleviate dexamethasone‑induced skeletal muscle atrophy by modulating FoxO (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Phytochemical-Based Therapeutic Strategies for Sarcopenia: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Translation.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Overview of the effect of dietary supplementation with plant sterols on low-grade inflammation, endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress in patients with hypercholesterolemia.Lipids in health and disease · 2026Review
- A practical guide to the management of dyslipidaemia.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2026Review
- A comprehensive review of ischemic heart disease: pathophysiology, current treatments, natural products-based therapies, and nanotherapeutics.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Palm oil: a review on nutritional composition, processing, contaminants, and sustainability frameworks in the food system.Frontiers in plant science · 2026Review
- Brazilian Guideline on Dyslipidemias and Prevention of Atherosclerosis - 2025.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2025Article
- Longevity Code: Lipidome Associations and Mediated Metabolite Effects.Brain and behavior · 2025Article
- Factors Affecting Circulating Phytosterol Levels: Toward an Integrated Understanding of Atherogenicity and Atheroprotection by Dietary and Circulating Phytosterols.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2025Review
- Food-Derived Micronutrients as Alleviators of Age-Related Dysfunction: A Dive into Their Effects and Cellular Mechanisms.Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB · 2025Review
- Phytosterols: Extraction Methods, Analytical Techniques, and Biological Activity.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Gut Microbiota Modulation Through Mediterranean Diet Foods: Implications for Human Health.Nutrients · 2025Review
- A dietary combination of red yeast rice, phytosterol ester and lycopene ameliorates hypercholesterolemia by regulating gut microbiota and activating hepatic FXR-LDLR/ABCG pathway in mice.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Sex differences in the association between composite dietary antioxidant index and hyperlipidemia: Insights from NHANES.PloS one · 2025Article
- Health interest of cholesterol and phytosterols and their contribution to one health approach: Review.Heliyon · 2024Review
- Unveiling the molecular mechanisms: dietary phytosterols as guardians against cardiovascular diseases.Natural products and bioprospecting · 2024Review
- Sesame Seeds: A Nutrient-Rich Superfood.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Phytosterols: Potential Therapeutic Effects and Challenges in Food Industry.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purpose of reviewCoronary heart disease is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Elevated blood cholesterol levels are not only the major but also the best modifiable cardiovascular risk factor. Lifestyle modifications which include a healthy diet are the cornerstone of lipid-lowering therapy. So-called functional foods supplemented with plant sterols lower blood cholesterol levels by about 10-15%. RECENT
findingsIn the recent revision of the ESC/EAS dyslipidemia guideline 2019, plant sterols are recommended for the first time as an adjunct to lifestyle modification to lower blood cholesterol levels. However, the German Cardiac Society (DGK) is more critical of food supplementation with plant sterols and calls for randomized controlled trials investigating hard cardiovascular outcomes. An increasing body of evidence suggests that plant sterols per se are atherogenic. This review discusses this controversy based on findings from in vitro and in vivo studies, clinical trials, and genetic evidence.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.