ArticleInternational journal of bipolar disorders2021
Variations in seasonal solar insolation are associated with a history of suicide attempts in bipolar I disorder.
Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph
Article in International journal of bipolar disorders, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06809881 (OLFACTION AND BIPOLAR DISODER), which is not on this map. Cited by 11 papers.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
3.1field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Olfaction and bipolar disoder
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of climate and air pollution on rates of hospitalization for affective mood disorders in southern Brazil.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- A systematic review of the association between climate change and suicidality reveals that climate indicators increase suicide rates.Global mental health (Cambridge, England) · 2026Review
- From rhythm to resilience: The interplay of circadian rhythm, melatonin, lifestyle, nutrition in psychoneuroimmunology (PNI).BioMedicine · 2025Article
- Are season of birth, climate, and parental age predictors of adult temperament, character, anhedonia, suicidality, and self-harm?Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Association between a large change between the minimum and maximum monthly values of solar insolation and a history of suicide attempts in bipolar I disorder.International journal of bipolar disorders · 2024Article
- Relationship between Environmental Conditions and Utilisation of Community-Based Mental Health Care: A Comparative Study before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Seasonality in mood disorders: Probing association of accelerometer-derived physical activity with daylength and solar insolation.PLOS mental health · 2024Article
- Article
- Article
- Potential links between brown adipose tissue, circadian dysregulation, and suicide risk.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Association between polarity of first episode and solar insolation in bipolar I disorder.Journal of psychosomatic research · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
164 authors at 20 institutions in 39 countries.
Michael BauerDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany. Michael.Bauer@uniklinikum-dresden.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2666-859X
Tasha GlennChronoRecord Association, Fullerton, CA, USA.
Eric D AchtyesDivision of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
Martin AldaDepartment of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
Esen AgaogluDepartment of Psychiatry, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
Kürşat AltınbaşDepartment of Psychiatry, Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Mazhar Osman Mood Center, Konya, Turkey.
Ole A AndreassenNORMENT Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Elias AngelopoulosDepartment of Psychiatry, National and Capodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Eginition Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Raffaella ArdauSection of Neurosciences and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy.
Edgar Arrua VaresDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Memduha AydinDepartment of Psychiatry, Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey.
Yavuz AyhanDepartment of Psychiatry, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
Christopher BaethgeDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne Medical School, Cologne, Germany.
Rita BauerDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Bernhard T BauneDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Munster, Germany.
Ceylan BalabanDepartment of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Claudia Becerra-PalarsNational Institute of Psychiatry "Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz", Mexico City, Mexico.
Aniruddh P BehereChild and Adolescent Psychiatry, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Michigan State University-CHM, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
Prakash B BehereDepartment of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed University), Wardha, India.
Habte BeleteDepartment of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Tilahun BeleteDepartment of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Gabriel Okawa BelizarioBipolar Disorder Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.
Frank BellivierDépartement de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, INSERM UMR-S1144, Université de Paris, FondaMental Foundation, Paris, France.
Robert H BelmakerProfessor Emeritus of Psychiatry, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
Francesco BenedettiUniversity Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
Michael BerkDeakin University, IMPACT-The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia.
Yuly BersudskyDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beer Sheva Mental Health Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
Şule BicakciDepartment of Psychiatry, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
Harriet Birabwa-OketchoButabika Hospital, Kampala, Uganda.
Thomas D BjellaNORMENT Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Conan BradyDepartment of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, St Patrick's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
Jorge CabreraMood Disorders Clinic, Dr. Jose Horwitz Psychiatric Institute, Santiago de Chile, Chile.
Marco CappucciatiDepartment of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, Piacenza, Italy.
Angela Marianne Paredes CastroDeakin University, IMPACT-The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia.
Wei-Ling ChenDepartment of Psychiatry, Chiayi Branch, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.
Eric Y Wo CheungPrivate Practice, Central, Hong Kong.
Silvia ChiesaDepartment of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, Piacenza, Italy.
Marie CroweDepartment of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.
Alessandro CuomoDepartment of Molecular Medicine, University of Siena School of Medicine, Siena, Italy.
Sara DallaspeziaPsychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
Maria Del ZompoSection of Neurosciences and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy.
Pratikkumar DesaiPine Rest Christian Mental Health Services, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
Seetal DoddDeakin University, IMPACT-The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia.
Markus DonixDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Bruno EtainDépartement de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, INSERM UMR-S1144, Université de Paris, FondaMental Foundation, Paris, France.
Andrea FagioliniDepartment of Molecular Medicine, University of Siena School of Medicine, Siena, Italy.
Frederike T FellendorfDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria.
Ewa Ferensztajn-RochowiakDepartment of Adult Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Jess G FiedorowiczDepartment of Psychiatry, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Kostas N Fountoulakis3rd Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Mark A FryeDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Depression Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Pierre A GeoffroyDépartement de Psychiatrie et d'addictologie, AP-HP, Hopital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France.
Ana Gonzalez-PintoBIOARABA, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Alava, University of the Basque Country, CIBERSAM, Vitoria, Spain.
John F GottliebDepartment of Psychiatry, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
Paul GrofMood Disorders Center of Ottawa and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Ottawa, Canada.
Bartholomeus C M HaarmanDepartment of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Hirohiko HarimaDepartment of Psychiatry, Tokyo Metropolitan Matsuzawa Hospital, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan.
Mathias Hasse-SousaDepartment of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Chantal HenryDepartment of Psychiatry, GHU Paris Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, 75014, Paris, France.
Lone HøffdingDepartment of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Josselin HouenouUniversité Paris Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, Translational Neuropsychiatry, Fondation FondaMental, 94010, Créteil, France.
Massimiliano ImbesiDepartment of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, Piacenza, Italy.
Erkki T IsometsäDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Maja IvkovicUniversity Clinical Center of Serbia, Clinic for Psychiatry, Belgrade, Serbia.
Sven JannoDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
Simon JohnsenUnit for Psychiatric Research, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
Flávio KapczinskiDepartment of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Gregory N Karakatsoulis3rd Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Mathias KardellDepartment of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Lars Vedel KessingCopenhagen Affective Disorder Research Center (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Seong Jae KimDepartment of Psychiatry, Cheongju Hospital, Cheongju, South Korea.
Barbara KönigBIPOLAR Zentrum Wiener Neustadt, Wiener Neustadt, Austria.
Timur L KotKhanty-Mansiysk Clinical Psychoneurological Hospital, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia.
Michael KovalDepartment of Neuroscience, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
Mauricio KunzDepartment of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Beny LaferBipolar Disorder Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.
Mikael LandénDepartment of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Erik R LarsenMental Health Department Odense, University Clinic and Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark.
Melanie LengerDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria.
Ute LewitzkaDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Rasmus W LichtPsychiatry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
Carlos Lopez-JaramilloMood Disorders Program, Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación, Research Group in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
Alan MacKenzieForensic Psychiatry, University of Glasgow, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK.
Helle Østergaard MadsenCopenhagen University Hospitals, Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Simone Alberte Kongstad A MadsenUnit for Psychiatric Research, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
Jayant MahadevanDepartment of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India.
Agustine MahardikaDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Mataram University, Mataram, Indonesia.
Mirko ManchiaDepartment of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
Wendy MarshDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
Monica Martinez-CengotitabengoaOsakidetza, Basque Health Service, BioAraba Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Vitoria, Spain.
Klaus MartinyCopenhagen University Hospitals, Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Yuki MashimaDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Declan M McLoughlinDepartment of Psychiatry, Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, St Patrick's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
Ybe MeestersDepartment of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Ingrid MelleNORMENT Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Fátima Meza-UrzúaNational Institute of Psychiatry "Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz", Mexico City, Mexico.
Mok Yee MingDepartment of General Psychiatry, Mood Disorders Unit, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore City, Singapore.
Scott MonteithMichigan State University College of Human Medicine, Traverse City Campus, Traverse City, MI, USA.
Muthukumaran MoorthyDepartment of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India.
Gunnar MorkenDepartment of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology-NTNU, Trondheim, Norway.
Enrica MoscaSection of Neurosciences and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy.
Anton A MozzhegorovSoviet Psychoneurological Hospital, Urai, Russia.
Rodrigo MunozDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
Starlin V MythriAsha Bipolar Clinic, Asha Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
Fethi NacefRazi Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tunis-El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.
Ravi K NadellaDepartment of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India.
Takako NakanotaniAffective Disorders Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan.
René Ernst NielsenPsychiatry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
Claire O'DonovanDepartment of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
Adel OmraniTunisian Bipolar Forum, Érable Médical Cabinet 324, Lac 2, Tunis, Tunisia.
Yamima OsherDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beer Sheva Mental Health Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
Uta OualiRazi Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tunis-El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.
Maja Pantovic-StefanovicUniversity Clinical Center of Serbia, Clinic for Psychiatry, Belgrade, Serbia.
Pornjira PariwatcharakulDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Joanne PetiteDepartment of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
Andrea PfennigDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Yolanda Pica RuizHospital "Ángeles del Pedregal", Mexico City, Mexico.
Maximilian PilhatschDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Marco PinnaSection of Psychiatry, Department of Medical Science and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
Maurizio PompiliDepartment of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Richard PorterDepartment of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.
Danilo QuirozDeparment of Psychiatry, Diego Portales University, Santiago de Chile, Chile.
Francisco Diego Rabelo-da-PonteDepartment of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Raj RamesarSA MRC Genomic and Precision Medicine Research Unit, Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Natalie RasgonDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Woraphat Ratta-AphaDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Michaela RatzenhoferDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria.
Maria RedahanDepartment of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, St Patrick's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
M S ReddyAsha Bipolar Clinic, Asha Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
Andreas ReifDepartment of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Eva Z ReininghausDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria.
Jenny Gringer RichardsDepartments of Psychiatry, Epidemiology, and Internal Medicine, Iowa Neuroscience Institute, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Philipp RitterDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Janusz K RybakowskiDepartment of Adult Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Leela SathyaputriDepartments of Psychiatry, Epidemiology, and Internal Medicine, Iowa Neuroscience Institute, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Ângela M ScippaDepartment of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.
Christian SimhandlBipolar Zentrum Wiener Neustadt, Sigmund Freud Privat Universität, Vienna, Austria.
Emanuel SeverusDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Daniel SmithCentre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.
José SmithBipolar Disorder Program, Neuroscience Institute, Favaloro University, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Paul W StackhouseScience Directorate/Climate Science Branch, NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA.
Dan J SteinDepartment of Psychiatry, MRC Unit On Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Kellen StilwellPine Rest Christian Mental Health Services, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
Sergio StrejilevichBipolar Disorder Program, Neuroscience Institute, Favaloro University, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Kuan-Pin SuCollege of Medicine, China Medical University (CMU), Taichung, Taiwan.
Mythily SubramaniamResearch Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore.
Ahmad Hatim SulaimanDepartment of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Kirsi SuominenDepartment of Social Services and Health Care, Psychiatry, City of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Andi J TanraDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.
Yoshitaka TatebayashiAffective Disorders Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan.
Wen Lin TehResearch Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore.
Leonardo TondoMcLean Hospital-Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Carla TorrentClinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
Daniel TuinstraPine Rest Christian Mental Health Services, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
Takahito UchidaDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Arne E VaalerDepartment of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology-NTNU, Trondheim, Norway.
Julia VeehDepartment of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Eduard VietaClinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
Biju ViswanathDepartment of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India.
Maria Yoldi-NegreteSubdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñíz, Mexico City, Mexico.
Oguz Kaan YalcinkayaDepartment of Psychiatry, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
Allan H YoungDepartment of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
Yosra ZguebRazi Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tunis-El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.
Peter C WhybrowDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA.
University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus · DEAalborg University Hospital · DKDalhousie University · CAMedical University of Graz · ATNational Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences · INUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul · BRUniversity of Cagliari · ITBarwon Health · AUBen-Gurion University of the Negev · ILGoethe University Frankfurt · DEHacettepe University · TRInserm · FRInstitute of Mental Health · SGInstituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz · MXMichigan State University · USOslo University Hospital · NOOspedaliera di Piacenza · ITPine Rest Christian Mental Health Services · USTrinity College Dublin · IETunis El Manar University · TN
Funding
Agence Nationale de la Recherche ANR-10-COHO-10-01Agence Nationale de la Recherche ANR-11-IDEX-0004Agence Nationale de la Recherche ANR-14-CE35-0035National Health and Medical Research Council 1156072National Medical Research Council NMRC/CG/M002/2017_IMH
Abstract
backgroundBipolar disorder is associated with circadian disruption and a high risk of suicidal behavior. In a previous exploratory study of patients with bipolar I disorder, we found that a history of suicide attempts was associated with differences between winter and summer levels of solar insolation. The purpose of this study was to confirm this finding using international data from 42% more collection sites and 25% more countries.
methodsData analyzed were from 71 prior and new collection sites in 40 countries at a wide range of latitudes. The analysis included 4876 patients with bipolar I disorder, 45% more data than previously analyzed. Of the patients, 1496 (30.7%) had a history of suicide attempt. Solar insolation data, the amount of the sun's electromagnetic energy striking the surface of the earth, was obtained for each onset location (479 locations in 64 countries).
resultsThis analysis confirmed the results of the exploratory study with the same best model and slightly better statistical significance. There was a significant inverse association between a history of suicide attempts and the ratio of mean winter insolation to mean summer insolation (mean winter insolation/mean summer insolation). This ratio is largest near the equator which has little change in solar insolation over the year, and smallest near the poles where the winter insolation is very small compared to the summer insolation. Other variables in the model associated with an increased risk of suicide attempts were a history of alcohol or substance abuse, female gender, and younger birth cohort. The winter/summer insolation ratio was also replaced with the ratio of minimum mean monthly insolation to the maximum mean monthly insolation to accommodate insolation patterns in the tropics, and nearly identical results were found. All estimated coefficients were significant at p < 0.01.
conclusionA large change in solar insolation, both between winter and summer and between the minimum and maximum monthly values, may increase the risk of suicide attempts in bipolar I disorder. With frequent circadian rhythm dysfunction and suicidal behavior in bipolar disorder, greater understanding of the optimal roles of daylight and electric lighting in circadian entrainment is needed.
Indexed as
Bipolar disorderCircadianPsychiatrySeasonal variationSolar insolationSuicideSunlight
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390
Registered trials
NCT06809881ClinicalTrials.gov
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.