Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34466674›Full record

ArticleAnimal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui)2021

Black soldier fly larvae in broiler diets improve broiler performance and modulate the immune system.

Jessica de Souza Vilela, Nicholas M Andronicos, Manisha Kolakshyapati, Matthew Hilliar, Terence Z Sibanda, Nigel R Andrew, Robert A Swick, Stuart Wilkinson, Isabelle Ruhnke

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Animal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
39citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

39 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Asymmetrical blending ofVeterinary and animal science · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Immunometabolic Reprogramming by Black Soldier Fly (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Effect of Meal and Whole Larvae of Black Soldier Fly (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Impact of dietary supplementation of black soldier fly larvae (Animal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui) · 2025
    Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Jessica de Souza VilelaSchool of Environmental and Rural Science, Faculty of Science, Agriculture, Business and Law, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia.
Nicholas M AndronicosSchool of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia.
Manisha KolakshyapatiSchool of Environmental and Rural Science, Faculty of Science, Agriculture, Business and Law, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia.
Matthew HilliarSchool of Environmental and Rural Science, Faculty of Science, Agriculture, Business and Law, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia.
Terence Z SibandaSchool of Environmental and Rural Science, Faculty of Science, Agriculture, Business and Law, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia.
Nigel R AndrewSchool of Environmental and Rural Science, Faculty of Science, Agriculture, Business and Law, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia.
Robert A SwickSchool of Environmental and Rural Science, Faculty of Science, Agriculture, Business and Law, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia.
Stuart WilkinsonFeedworks Pty Ltd., Romsey, VIC, Australia.
Isabelle RuhnkeSchool of Environmental and Rural Science, Faculty of Science, Agriculture, Business and Law, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Non-conventional feed ingredients are receiving more interest in their ability to increase farming efficiency, sustainability and animal performance. The objective of this study was to determine the optimal rate of inclusion level of the full-fat black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) in broiler diets and to evaluate their impact on performance, nutrient digestibility, and the immune system (blood cells and intraepithelial lymphocytes). A total of 400 male day-old Ross 308 broilers were randomly assigned to 5 treatment groups with 8 replicates each. Five inclusion levels of full-fat BSFL were investigated across starter (0, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10%), grower and finisher diets (0, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%). All diets were formulated based on digestible amino acid values according to the Aviagen (2016) recommendations. A polynomial regression at different degrees was performed to analyse broiler performance parameters (body weight, body weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio), nutrient digestibility, and blood cell count. Intraepithelial lymphocyte population data was analysed performing univariate linear regression. During the entire experimental period (from 2 to 42 d), BSFL inclusion levels decreased the feed conversion ratio by 10% in broilers that received 20% BSFL in their diets (

Indexed as

Antimicrobial peptidesChitinFeed insectsPoultryProtein

Identifiers

PMID34466674
PMCPMC8379420

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.