Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34465763›Full record

ArticleHorticulture research2021

The Arabidopsis pattern recognition receptor EFR enhances fire blight resistance in apple.

Stefano Piazza, Manuela Campa, Valerio Pompili, Lorenza Dalla Costa, Umberto Salvagnin, Vladimir Nekrasov, Cyril Zipfel, Mickael Malnoy

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Horticulture research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
5.1field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Mechanisms and balanced regulation of plant immunity.Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. QTL analysis ofFrontiers in plant science · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Pattern Recognition Receptors in Plant Immunity.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025
    Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Natural variation of immune epitopes reveals intrabacterial antagonism.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 4 countries.

Stefano PiazzaResearch and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele a/Adige, Italy.
Manuela CampaResearch and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele a/Adige, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3009-3426
Valerio PompiliResearch and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele a/Adige, Italy.
Lorenza Dalla CostaResearch and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele a/Adige, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5915-5582
Umberto SalvagninResearch and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele a/Adige, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3914-2164
Vladimir NekrasovThe Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9386-1683
Cyril ZipfelThe Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom.
Mickael MalnoyResearch and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele a/Adige, Italy. mickael.malnoy@fmach.it.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5158-534X
Fondazione Edmund Mach · ITUniversity of East Anglia · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Fire blight disease, caused by the bacterium Erwinia amylovora (E. amylovora), is responsible for substantial losses in cultivated apples worldwide. An important mechanism of plant immunity is based on the recognition of conserved microbial molecules, named pathogen-associated or microbe-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs or MAMPs), through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), leading to pattern-triggered immunity (PTI). The interspecies transfer of PRRs represents a promising strategy to engineer broad-spectrum and durable disease resistance in crops. EFR, the Arabidopsis thaliana PRR for the PAMP elf18 derived from the elongation factor thermal unstable (EF-Tu) proved to be effective in improving bacterial resistance when expressed into Solanaceae and other plant species. In this study, we tested whether EFR can affect the interaction of apple with E. amylovora by its ectopic expression in the susceptible apple rootstock M.26. Stable EFR expression led to the activation of PAMP-triggered immune response in apple leaves upon treatment with supernatant of E. amylovora, as measured by the production of reactive oxygen species and the induction of known defense genes. The amount of tissue necrosis associated with E. amylovora infection was significantly reduced in the EFR transgenic rootstock compared to the wild-type. Our results show that the expression of EFR in apple rootstock may be a valuable biotechnology strategy to improve the resistance of apple to fire blight.

Identifiers

PMID34465763
PMCPMC8408165
OpenAlexW3196496565

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.