ReviewNeuron2021
What is the dynamical regime of cerebral cortex?
Review in Neuron, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Reciprocal connections dynamically build consensus between neocortical areas.Nature neuroscience · 2026Article
- Article
- Optotagging in primate cortex uncovers excitatory and inhibitory neuron specializations in form vision.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Entropy, Inhibition and Memory in Balanced Spiking Reservoirs.Entropy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Whisker stimulation reinforces a resting-state network in the barrel cortex: Nested oscillations and avalanches.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Homeostatic Plasticity Enables Stable yet Tunable Neuronal Assemblies.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Input-dependent directionality of interactions between cortical areas.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Digital Twin Brain simulation and manipulation of a functional brain network underlying mental illness.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Desegregation of neuronal predictive processing.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Article
- Characteristics and dynamical signatures of recurrent cortical circuits during context-dependent processing.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- A theory for self-sustained balanced states in absence of strong external currents.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Neuronal heterogeneity of normalization strength in a circuit model.Science advances · 2026Article
- Designing Neural Dynamics: From Digital Twin Modeling to Regeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Decoding Alzheimer's Disease: Single-Cell Sequencing Uncovers Brain Cell Heterogeneity and Pathogenesis.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- The mysterious middlemen making your vision pop: understanding the function of amacrine cells.The Journal of physiology · 2025Review
- Topological analysis of neuronal assemblies reveals low-rank structure modulated by cholinergic activity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Interleaving asynchronous and synchronous activity in balanced cortical networks with short term synaptic depression.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Article
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Many studies have shown that the excitation and inhibition received by cortical neurons remain roughly balanced across many conditions. A key question for understanding the dynamical regime of cortex is the nature of this balancing. Theorists have shown that network dynamics can yield systematic cancellation of most of a neuron's excitatory input by inhibition. We review a wide range of evidence pointing to this cancellation occurring in a regime in which the balance is loose, meaning that the net input remaining after cancellation of excitation and inhibition is comparable in size with the factors that cancel, rather than tight, meaning that the net input is very small relative to the canceling factors. This choice of regime has important implications for cortical functional responses, as we describe: loose balance, but not tight balance, can yield many nonlinear population behaviors seen in sensory cortical neurons, allow the presence of correlated variability, and yield decrease of that variability with increasing external stimulus drive as observed across multiple cortical areas.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.