ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation2021
Immune response to intravenous immunoglobulin in patients with Kawasaki disease and MIS-C.
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical presentation, diagnosis and management of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C): a systematic review.BMJ paediatrics open · 2024Pooled it
- Therapy-induced modulation of cellular response in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) - insights into selected immune cells' markers expression.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Longitudinal Dynamics of NK-Cell Regulatory Signaling and IVIG Response in Kawasaki Disease.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- 2016 sJIA-MAS criteria and a step-up therapeutic approach in KD-MAS: insights from a combined cohort and literature review.RMD open · 2026Review
- The Potential Role of Endothelial Cells in the Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management of Acute Kawasaki Disease.CJC open · 2026Review
- Development and internal validation of a monocyte-to-albumin ratio-based risk assessment model for coronary artery lesions in Kawasaki disease.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Predictive value of blood composite ratios for Kawasaki disease and coronary artery lesions in febrile children.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Research on gamma globulin unresponsive Kawasaki disease: A review.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2025Review
- COVID-19-associated Autoimmune and Inflammatory Diseases: Molecular Mechanisms and the Role of IVIG Therapy.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- An integrated and interpretable machine learning framework for Kawasaki disease diagnosis and risk prediction.Translational pediatrics · 2025Article
- Amphiregulin Promotes Proliferation and Migration of the Damaged Endothelial Cells in Kawasaki Disease Cell Models.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2025Article
- Immunophenotype of Kawasaki Disease: Insights into Pathogenesis and Treatment Response.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Similarity of immune-associated markers in COVID-19 and Kawasaki disease: analyses from bioinformatics and machine learning.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Detection of serum composition in pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 and the response for the treatment by FTIR.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- An Update on Multi-System Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.Current rheumatology reports · 2025Review
- Identification of potential biomarkers associated with immune cell infiltration patterns in Kawasaki disease via bioinformatics.PloS one · 2025Article
- Progress on diagnosis and treatment of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- The Central Role of Interleukin-1 Signalling in the Pathogenesis of Kawasaki Disease Vasculitis: Path to Translation.The Canadian journal of cardiology · 2024Review
- Article
- Treatment of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
24 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUNDMultisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a rare but potentially severe illness that follows exposure to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Kawasaki disease (KD) shares several clinical features with MIS-C, which prompted the use of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), a mainstay therapy for KD. Both diseases share a robust activation of the innate immune system, including the IL-1 signaling pathway, and IL-1 blockade has been used for the treatment of both MIS-C and KD. The mechanism of action of IVIG in these 2 diseases and the cellular source of IL-1β have not been defined.METHODSThe effects of IVIG on peripheral blood leukocyte populations from patients with MIS-C and KD were examined using flow cytometry and mass cytometry (CyTOF) and live-cell imaging.RESULTSCirculating neutrophils were highly activated in patients with KD and MIS-C and were a major source of IL-1β. Following IVIG treatment, activated IL-1β+ neutrophils were reduced in the circulation. In vitro, IVIG was a potent activator of neutrophil cell death via PI3K and NADPH oxidase, but independently of caspase activation.CONCLUSIONSActivated neutrophils expressing IL-1β can be targeted by IVIG, supporting its use in both KD and MIS-C to ameliorate inflammation.FUNDINGPatient Centered Outcomes Research Institute; NIH; American Asthma Foundation; American Heart Association; Novo Nordisk Foundation; NIGMS; American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology Foundation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.