ReviewPeriodontology 20002021
Oral microbiome shifts during pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes: Hormonal and Immunologic changes at play.
Review in Periodontology 2000, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- The association between periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes: a bibliometric analysis from 2000 to 2023.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Effectiveness of interventions on improving early-life dental care utilization: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Quintessence international (Berlin, Germany : 1985) · 2024Pooled it
- Impact of Interdental Brushing on Pregnancy-Associated Gingivitis: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomised Controlled Trial.Journal of clinical periodontology · 2026Trial
- Application of a Systematic Oral Health Promotion Model for Pregnant Women: A Randomised Controlled Study.Oral health & preventive dentistry · 2022Trial
- Characterizing the supragingival microbiome of healthy pregnant women.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Trial
- Obstetric Pharmacomicrobiomics.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Review
- Oral Microbiome Signatures in Indonesian Healthy, Gingivitis, and Periodontitis Subjects: A 16S rRNA Next-Generation Sequencing Analysis-Based Exploratory Study.Dentistry journal · 2026Article
- Mechanisms of the Oral-Gut Microbiota Axis in Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- The Maternal Microbiome in Pregnancy: From Physiological Changes to Dysbiosis and Obstetrical Complications-Therapeutic Perspectives.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Maternal Oral Microbiome Dysbiosis and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: Microbial Signatures, Inflammatory Pathways, and Clinical Evidence.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles: New Hype or Hope to Explain Reproductive Host-Microbiota Interactions.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Review
- Dental practitioners' knowledge, attitudes, practices, and perceived barriers regarding oral health care of women during pregnancy: a cross-sectional study.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Effects of Phthalate Exposure on Oral Microbiome Diversity and Enrichment of Gemella and Streptococcus.International dental journal · 2026Article
- The oral microbiome in relation to systemic maternal conditions and pregnancy complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of oral microbiology · 2026Review
- Oral prophylaxis for the reduction of interdental dysbiosis-associated red complex pathogens during pregnancy: a randomized clinical trial.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- The oral maternal microbiome plays a role in the development of cleft lip and palate condition in children.PeerJ · 2026Article
- A scientometric analysis of research related to the 'oral-placental axis' hypothesis: current status, hotspots, and future directions.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Early pregnancy is characterized by a significant decrease in the diversity of the oral microbiome and strong associations with lifestyle and conception method.Journal of oral microbiology · 2026Article
- The role of oral dysbiosis in pregnancy complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis of preterm birth.Journal of oral microbiology · 2026Review
- Midwifery Students' Knowledge and Need of Education Toward Oral Diseases in France.International journal of dentistry · 2026Article
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Because of hormonal and immunologic changes, there are significant changes in the oral microbiome that emerge during pregnancy. Recent evidence further suggests that there is an association between the presence of periodontal disease and a pregnancy-associated oral dysbiosis. Although this oral dysbiosis and pathogenic periodontal bacteria are considered to be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, it is still not clear how an oral dysbiosis during pregnancy can modulate oral diseases and birth outcomes. To develop preventive or therapeutic interventions, it is critical to understand the oral microbiome changes that emerge during pregnancy and their association with adverse pregnancy outcomes. In the present review, we summarize the current literature on normal changes in the oral microbiome that occur during pregnancy; the pathogenic changes in the oral microbiome believed to occur in association with adverse pregnancy outcomes; and the association between the placental microbiome and the oral microbiome.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.