ArticleeLife2021
Adult stem cell-derived complete lung organoid models emulate lung disease in COVID-19.
Article in eLife, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 96 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
96 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 131 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lung Organoids: Systematic Review of Recent Advancements and its Future Perspectives.Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of Transcriptomic Data from Lung Autopsy and Cellular Models of SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Biochemical genetics · 2024Pooled it
- When stem cells meet COVID-19: recent advances, challenges and future perspectives.Stem cell research & therapy · 2022Pooled it
- Endowing Flexibility of Alveolar Type II Cells to Recapitulate Development From Lung Bud to Alveoli.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Delayed antiviral immune response in alveolar type 2 cells increases susceptibility to influenza virus in alveoli.Chinese medical journal · 2026Article
- New Frontiers of Drug Development Through the Use of New Approach Methodologies.The AAPS journal · 2026Review
- Lung organoids as a human system for Mycobacteria infection modeling and drug testing.The FEBS journal · 2026Review
- Organoids Gone Viral: A Comprehensive Review on Human Organoid Models to Study Viral Pathogenesis.Viruses · 2026Review
- Advances in human respiratory organoid models for studying the pathogenesis and intervention strategies of COVID-19.Virologica Sinica · 2026Review
- Development and characterization of chicken lung organoids for in vitro modeling of avian influenza virus-host cell interaction.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Convergent hub pathways targeted by IAV, SARS-CoV-2, and RSV in type II alveolar epithelial cells: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Development, propagation and characterization of human somatic cell-derived bronchial organoids as model system for airway diseases - A practical guide.Frontiers in allergy · 2026Article
- Differential toxicity of water- and DMSO-extractable PM2.5 fractions in human alveolar organoids.Frontiers in toxicology · 2026Article
- The role of ciliary function in airway epithelial defense against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2025Article
- Organoid for Air Pollution Toxicity Assessment: Advances and Environmental Applicability.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Review
- Development of a three-dimensional airway organoid-pillar dish (3D AO-PD) platform for particulate matter-induced airway toxicity analysis.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- Harnessing organoid technology to model autoimmune pathways in rheumatological and inflammatory disorders.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- Organoids in respiratory virus research: advances and perspectives.Molecular biomedicine · 2025Review
- Experimental Models to Investigate Viral and Cellular Dynamics in Respiratory Viral Co-Infections.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Distal lung organoids derived from adult stem cells as novel tools in deciphering mechanisms of lung regeneration, infection, and cancer.Stem cells translational medicine · 2025Review
36 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Update of
Authors and funding
21 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Background: SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, causes widespread damage in the lungs in the setting of an overzealous immune response whose origin remains unclear. Methods: We present a scalable, propagable, personalized, cost-effective adult stem cell-derived human lung organoid model that is complete with both proximal and distal airway epithelia. Monolayers derived from adult lung organoids (ALOs), primary airway cells, or hiPSC-derived alveolar type II (AT2) pneumocytes were infected with SARS-CoV-2 to create in vitro lung models of COVID-19. Results: Infected ALO monolayers best recapitulated the transcriptomic signatures in diverse cohorts of COVID-19 patient-derived respiratory samples. The airway (proximal) cells were critical for sustained viral infection, whereas distal alveolar differentiation (AT2→AT1) was critical for mounting the overzealous host immune response in fatal disease; ALO monolayers with well-mixed proximodistal airway components recapitulated both. Conclusions: Findings validate a human lung model of COVID-19, which can be immediately utilized to investigate COVID-19 pathogenesis and vet new therapies and vaccines. Funding: This work was supported by the National Institutes for Health (NIH) grants 1R01DK107585-01A1, 3R01DK107585-05S1 (to SD); R01-AI141630, CA100768 and CA160911 (to PG) and R01-AI 155696 (to PG, DS and SD); R00-CA151673 and R01-GM138385 (to DS), R01- HL32225 (to PT), UCOP-R00RG2642 (to SD and PG), UCOP-R01RG3780 (to P.G. and D.S) and a pilot award from the Sanford Stem Cell Clinical Center at UC San Diego Health (P.G, S.D, D.S). GDK was supported through The American Association of Immunologists Intersect Fellowship Program for Computational Scientists and Immunologists. L.C.A's salary was supported in part by the VA San Diego Healthcare System. This manuscript includes data generated at the UC San Diego Institute of Genomic Medicine (IGC) using an Illumina NovaSeq 6000 that was purchased with funding from a National Institutes of Health SIG grant (#S10 OD026929).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.