ArticleJournal of clinical laboratory analysis2021
The effect of smoking on COVID-19-linked biomarkers in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.
Article in Journal of clinical laboratory analysis, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between serum cotinine concentrations on red blood cell folate concentrations in pregnant women and the mediating role of lymphocytes: an NHANES Study.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 versus Influenza A Virus: Characteristics and Co-Treatments.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Assessment of COVID-19 Symptoms Distribution According to Tobacco Products Consumption and Khat Chewing: A Potential Antinociceptive Role of Nicotine Among COVID-19 Patients.International journal of general medicine · 2022Article
- The effect of smoking on COVID-19-linked biomarkers in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2021Article
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1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
backgroundThe coronavirus pandemic, an infection (coronavirus disease 2019-COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory disease coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), continues to have a strong influence worldwide. Although smoking is a major known risk factor for respiratory infectious disease, the effects of smoking on COVID-19 are unclear. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between smoking and important hematologic (lymphocyte count, neutrophil count, platelet count, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio [NLR], platelet-lymphocyte ratio [PLR]), inflammatory, and biochemical biomarkers in the prognosis of hospitalized patients with COVID-19.
methodsIn a COVID-19 pandemic hospital between June and August 2020, 200 adult patients aged over 18 years were hospitalized with COVID-19 inflammatory and hematologic biomarkers at their first admission and smoking data were selected for this study.
resultsThe rate of smokers was much higher among men (91.5%) than in women (8.5%) (p = 0.001). Neutrophil counts were evaluated and was significantly higher in current smokers (p < 0.001) and ex-smokers (p = 0.001), and NLR (p = 0.008) and ferritin (p = 0.004) levels were higher than in never smokers. The saturation of patients had a negative significant linear correlation of NLR, PLR, and pack years of smoking. Compared with never smokers, current smokers had higher neutrophil counts (OR = 0.828 [0.750-0.915]; p = 0.041), NLR values (OR = 0.948 [0.910-0.987]; p = 0.009), and CRP levels (OR = 0.994 [0.990-0.999]; p = 0.019).
conclusionSerum neutrophil, NLR, and ferritin levels, which are widely used in determining the prognosis of COVID-19, were found higher in current smokers/ex-smokers. These results support the view that a poor prognosis of COVID-19 is associated with smoking.
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