ArticleLung2021
Progranulin and Activin A Concentrations are Elevated in Serum from Patients with Acute Exacerbations of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.
Article in Lung, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- The incidence of acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2024Pooled it
- Macrophage-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Deliver Progranulin to Alleviate Skin Wound Fibrosis.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Article
- Circulating Activin A and Follistatin-like Proteins in Rheumatoid Arthritis with Interstitial Lung Disease: A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- New therapeutic approaches for fibrosis: harnessing translational regulation.Trends in molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Activin A Inhibitory Peptides Suppress Fibrotic Pathways by Targeting Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Fibroblast-Myofibroblast Transformation in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Exacerbation of pulmonary fibrosis following acute lung injury via activin-A production by recruited alveolar macrophages.Journal of thoracic disease · 2024Article
- Progranulin: A promising biomarker and therapeutic target for fibrotic diseases.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2024Review
- Neutrophil-derived Activin-A moderates their pro-NETotic activity and attenuates collateral tissue damage caused by Influenza A virus infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Serum Progranulin Level Might Differentiate Non-IPF ILD from IPF.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Biomarkers of cellular senescence in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.Respiratory research · 2023Article
- Article
- LUNG Year in Review: 2021.Lung · 2022Article
- Progranulin Promotes the Formation and Development of Capsules Caused by Silicone in Sprague-Dawley Rats.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2022Article
- Diagnosis of parapneumonic pleural effusion with serum and pleural fluid Activin A.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive fibrotic lung disease of unknown cause with a variable course. Acute exacerbations of IPF (AE-IPF) is sudden accelerations of the disease or a superimposed idiopathic acute injury significantly reducing lung function. To examine the serum concentrations of Progranulin (PGRN) and activin A in patients with AE-IPF in a pilot study.
methodsTwenty-one patients with AE-IPF were compared with 23 patients with stable IPF as a control group. Serum PGRN and activin A levels, arterial blood gas measurements, and lung function were determined in these two groups.
resultsPeripheral blood PGRN and activin A levels in patients with AE-IPF were 83.7 + 10.0 and 14.2 ± 1.7 ng/ml (mean + SD), respectively; higher than those in the control group 61.0 + 5.8 and 5.8 + 1.0 (p < 0.001). PGRN and activin A levels were significantly negatively correlated with carbon monoxide diffusion capacity r = - 0.857 (p < 0.001) and r = - 0.757 (p < 0.001).
conclusionProgranulin (PGRN) and activin A may be involved in the pathogenesis of AE-IPF. They may be possible markers of disease activity in AE-IPF.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.