ReviewCureus2021
Vaccine Development Throughout History.
Review in Cureus, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Cost of Seasonal Influenza: A Systematic Literature Review on the Humanistic and Economic Burden of Influenza in Older (≥ 65 Years Old) Adults.Advances in therapy · 2024Pooled it
- Chemical Synthesis and Immunological Evaluation of Escherichia coli O29, Shigella dysenteriae Serotype 11, and Proteus vulgaris O12 O-Antigen Oligosaccharides.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Article
- The critical role of artificial intelligence and bioinformatics in accelerating peptide-based vaccine discovery for tackling global infectious diseases.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2026Review
- Article
- Total synthesis of zwitterionic PS A2 oligosaccharides fromScience advances · 2025Article
- The potential and challenges of circular RNA in the development of vaccines and drugs for emerging infectious diseases.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2025Review
- Review
- Current insights into insect immune memory.eLife · 2025Review
- Cancer Vaccine Adjuvant Name Recognition from Biomedical Literature using Large Language Models.ArXiv · 2025Article
- Revolutionizing Nanovaccines: A New Era of Immunization.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Comparison of Phenotypes of Headaches After COVID-19 Vaccinations Differentiated According to the Vaccine Used.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Global vaccine research and application hotspots and trends: a systematic bibliometric analysis based on SCIE highly cited papers.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Past, present, and future of Phase 3 vaccine trial design: rethinking statistics for the 21st century.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2025Review
- Cancer vaccines: an update on recent achievements and prospects for cancer therapy.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2024Review
- Prophylactic and therapeutic vaccine development: advancements and challenges.Molecular biomedicine · 2024Review
- From ancient remedies to modern miracles: tracing the evolution of vaccines and their impact on public health.3 Biotech · 2024Review
- Review
- Review
- Pharmacovigilance in Vaccines: Importance, Main Aspects, Perspectives, and Challenges-A Narrative Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Anti-COVID-19 Vaccination Alters the Menstrual Cycle and Dose Accumulation Enhances the Effect.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has made us appreciate how important it is to quickly develop treatments and save lives. The race to develop a vaccine for this novel coronavirus began as soon as the pandemic emerged. Time was the only limiting factor. From the first vaccine developed in 1796 against smallpox to the latest COVID-19 vaccine, there have been several vaccines that have reduced the burden of disease, with the associated mortality and morbidity. Over the years we have seen many new advancements in organism isolation, cell culture, whole-genome sequencing, and recombinant nuclear techniques. These techniques have greatly facilitated the development of vaccines. Each vaccine has its own development story and there is much wisdom to be gained from learning about breakthroughs in vaccine development.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.