Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34462581›Full record

Observational studyEye (London, England)2022

Retinal structure-function correlation in type 2 diabetes.

Sangeetha Srinivasan, Sobha Sivaprasad, Ramachandran Rajalakshmi, Ranjit Mohan Anjana, Rayaz A Malik, Vaitheeswaran Kulothungan, Rajiv Raman, Muna Bhende

Open access · bronzeAbstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in Eye (London, England), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
1.7field-weighted citation impact, top 17% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. The relationship between ON-OFF function and OCT structural and angiographic parameters in early diabetic retinal disease.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Associations of quantitative contrast sensitivity with wide-field swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography in retinal vein occlusion.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2024
    Observational
  8. Article
  9. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.

Sangeetha SrinivasanVision Research Foundation, Chennai, India.
Sobha SivaprasadNIHR Moorfields Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK.
Ramachandran RajalakshmiDr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialties Centre and Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India.ORCID 0000-0002-7063-6026
Ranjit Mohan AnjanaDr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialties Centre and Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India.
Rayaz A MalikWeill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Doha, Qatar.
Vaitheeswaran KulothunganNational Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (NCDIR) & Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Bangalore, India.
Rajiv RamanShri Bhagwan Mahavir Vitreoretinal Services, SankaraNethralaya, Chennai, India.
Muna BhendeShri Bhagwan Mahavir Vitreoretinal Services, SankaraNethralaya, Chennai, India. drmuna@snmail.org.ORCID 0000-0002-9251-170X
Madras Diabetes Research Foundation · INSankara Nethralaya · INIndian Council of Medical Research · INNIHR Moorfields Biomedical Research Centre · GBOil and Natural Gas Corporation (India) · INUniversity of Manchester · GB

Funding

DBT-Wellcome Trust India Alliance IA/CPHE/16/1/502670Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo examine the relationship of visual function as assessed by visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) to macular structural and microvascular measures on optical coherence tomography (OCT) and angiography (OCTA) in individuals with diabetes.

methodsThis is a prospective observational study conducted at a tertiary eye care centre in India. Right eyes of 121 adults with type 2 diabetes with no diabetic retinopathy (DR), mild or moderate nonproliferative DR (NPDR) were examined. Severe NPDR, proliferative DR and diabetic macular oedema were excluded. Participants underwent assessment of glycated haemoglobin (HbA

resultsOf the total of 121 eyes, 89 had No DR, 32 had mild to moderate NPDR. In the No DR group, the LogMAR acuity was significantly and negatively correlated to central subfoveal thickness (CST) (rho = -0.420), macular vessel density (rho = -0.270) and perfusion (rho = -0.270). (ii) Contrast sensitivity correlated to foveal avascular zone circularity (rho = 0.297); (iii) mfERG P1 response densities were better with higher macular perfusion index (rho = 0.240). In the NPDR group, the LogMAR acuity also showed a significant negative correlation to CST (rho = -0.379). Other correlations were not significant.

conclusionRetinal and visual functional changes are evident in diabetic patients with No DR and are correlated to subclinical retinal structural changes detectable using multimodal imaging.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Diabetic RetinopathyAdultFluorescein AngiographyGlycated HemoglobinHumansRetinal VesselsTomography, Optical CoherenceGlycated Hemoglobin

Identifiers

PMID34462581
PMCPMC9500073
OpenAlexW3198404990

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.