Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34462316›Full record

ArticleCMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne2021

Problems in the deployment of machine-learned models in health care.

Joseph Paul Cohen, Tianshi Cao, Joseph D Viviano, Chin-Wei Huang, Michael Fralick, Marzyeh Ghassemi, Muhammad Mamdani, Russell Greiner, Yoshua Bengio

Abstract readComment
In one paragraph

Article in CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
36citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

36 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Observational
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  11. Interpretability of AI race detection model in medical imaging with saliency methods.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2025
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Joseph Paul CohenMila Quebec AI Institute (Cohen, Viviano, Huang, Bengio), University of Montreal, Montréal, Que.; Vector (Cao, Ghassemi), University of Toronto; Unity Health Toronto (Mamdani); Department of Medicine (Fralick) University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Alberta Machine Intelligence Institute (Greiner), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Radiology (Cohen), and Center for Artificial Intelligence in Machine & Imagery (Cohen) Stanford University, Stanford, Calif. joseph@josephpcohen.com.
Tianshi CaoMila Quebec AI Institute (Cohen, Viviano, Huang, Bengio), University of Montreal, Montréal, Que.; Vector (Cao, Ghassemi), University of Toronto; Unity Health Toronto (Mamdani); Department of Medicine (Fralick) University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Alberta Machine Intelligence Institute (Greiner), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Radiology (Cohen), and Center for Artificial Intelligence in Machine & Imagery (Cohen) Stanford University, Stanford, Calif.
Joseph D VivianoMila Quebec AI Institute (Cohen, Viviano, Huang, Bengio), University of Montreal, Montréal, Que.; Vector (Cao, Ghassemi), University of Toronto; Unity Health Toronto (Mamdani); Department of Medicine (Fralick) University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Alberta Machine Intelligence Institute (Greiner), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Radiology (Cohen), and Center for Artificial Intelligence in Machine & Imagery (Cohen) Stanford University, Stanford, Calif.
Chin-Wei HuangMila Quebec AI Institute (Cohen, Viviano, Huang, Bengio), University of Montreal, Montréal, Que.; Vector (Cao, Ghassemi), University of Toronto; Unity Health Toronto (Mamdani); Department of Medicine (Fralick) University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Alberta Machine Intelligence Institute (Greiner), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Radiology (Cohen), and Center for Artificial Intelligence in Machine & Imagery (Cohen) Stanford University, Stanford, Calif.
Michael FralickMila Quebec AI Institute (Cohen, Viviano, Huang, Bengio), University of Montreal, Montréal, Que.; Vector (Cao, Ghassemi), University of Toronto; Unity Health Toronto (Mamdani); Department of Medicine (Fralick) University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Alberta Machine Intelligence Institute (Greiner), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Radiology (Cohen), and Center for Artificial Intelligence in Machine & Imagery (Cohen) Stanford University, Stanford, Calif.
Marzyeh GhassemiMila Quebec AI Institute (Cohen, Viviano, Huang, Bengio), University of Montreal, Montréal, Que.; Vector (Cao, Ghassemi), University of Toronto; Unity Health Toronto (Mamdani); Department of Medicine (Fralick) University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Alberta Machine Intelligence Institute (Greiner), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Radiology (Cohen), and Center for Artificial Intelligence in Machine & Imagery (Cohen) Stanford University, Stanford, Calif.
Muhammad MamdaniMila Quebec AI Institute (Cohen, Viviano, Huang, Bengio), University of Montreal, Montréal, Que.; Vector (Cao, Ghassemi), University of Toronto; Unity Health Toronto (Mamdani); Department of Medicine (Fralick) University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Alberta Machine Intelligence Institute (Greiner), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Radiology (Cohen), and Center for Artificial Intelligence in Machine & Imagery (Cohen) Stanford University, Stanford, Calif.
Russell GreinerMila Quebec AI Institute (Cohen, Viviano, Huang, Bengio), University of Montreal, Montréal, Que.; Vector (Cao, Ghassemi), University of Toronto; Unity Health Toronto (Mamdani); Department of Medicine (Fralick) University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Alberta Machine Intelligence Institute (Greiner), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Radiology (Cohen), and Center for Artificial Intelligence in Machine & Imagery (Cohen) Stanford University, Stanford, Calif.
Yoshua BengioMila Quebec AI Institute (Cohen, Viviano, Huang, Bengio), University of Montreal, Montréal, Que.; Vector (Cao, Ghassemi), University of Toronto; Unity Health Toronto (Mamdani); Department of Medicine (Fralick) University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Alberta Machine Intelligence Institute (Greiner), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Radiology (Cohen), and Center for Artificial Intelligence in Machine & Imagery (Cohen) Stanford University, Stanford, Calif.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.

Indexed as

Military PersonnelAfghan Campaign 2001-Delivery of Health CareHumans

Identifiers

PMID34462316
PMCPMC8443295

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.