ArticlePublic health nutrition2021
Impact of the community eligibility provision program on school meal participation in Texas.
Article in Public health nutrition, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Universal Free School Meals and School and Student Outcomes: A Systematic Review.JAMA network open · 2024Pooled it
- Universal free school meals and Medicaid spending: evidence from linked education and claims data in Arkansas.Health affairs scholar · 2026Article
- Variation in Rates of ADHD Diagnoses Across Public Schools in Arkansas.Journal of attention disorders · 2026Article
- Statewide Universal School Meals Policies and Food Insecurity: Difference-in-Differences Analysis.Pediatrics · 2026Article
- State and federal policies and school meal participation: A descriptive analysis from Arizona.PloS one · 2026Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo estimate the impact of opting into the community eligibility provision (CEP) on school meal participation among students in Texas.
designA quasi-experimental design using a two-way fixed effects panel difference-in-difference model and the variation in adoption timing to estimate the impact of opting into CEP on student breakfast and lunch participation in eligible, ever-adopting schools.
settingAll public and charter K-12 schools in Texas participating in national school meals (breakfast and/or lunch) from 2013 to 2019 who are eligible for the CEP program in at least 1 year and choose to opt into the program in at least 1 year (n 2797 unique schools and 16 103 school-years).
participantsSchool-level administrative data from the Texas Department of Agriculture on meal counts, enrollment and summary characteristics of students merged with district-level educational and socio-demographic data from the Texas Education Authority.
resultsWe find opting into CEP increased school breakfast participation by 4·59 percentage points (P < 0·001) and lunch participation by 4·32 percentage points (P < 0·001), on average. The effect is slightly larger (4·64 and 4·61, respectively) and still statistically significant when excluding summer months.
conclusionOur findings suggest that opting into CEP modestly increases school meal participation in Texas, with a similar impact on breakfast and lunch.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.