Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34461986›Full record

ArticleArthritis research & therapy2021

Epidemiology and treatment of Behçet's disease in the USA: insights from the Rheumatology Informatics System for Effectiveness (RISE) Registry with a comparison with other published cohorts from endemic regions.

Nevin Hammam, Jing Li, Michael Evans, Julia L Kay, Zara Izadi, Christine Anastasiou, Milena A Gianfrancesco, Jinoos Yazdany, Gabriela Schmajuk

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Arthritis research & therapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.8field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Accuracy and Performance Characteristics of Administrative Codes for the Diagnosis of Autoinflammatory Syndromes: A Discovery and Validation Study.Journal of clinical rheumatology : practical reports on rheumatic & musculoskeletal diseases · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Nevin HammamDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Jing LiDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Michael EvansDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Julia L KayDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Zara IzadiDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Christine AnastasiouDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Milena A GianfrancescoDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Jinoos YazdanyDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Gabriela SchmajukDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. gabriela.schmajuk@ucsf.edu.ORCID 0000-0003-2687-5043
University of California, San Francisco · USSan Francisco VA Medical Center · US

Funding

RESOURCE-BASED CENTER FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF PRECISION MEDICINE IN RHEUMATOLOGYP30AR070155 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Mary C Nakamura · 2016 to 2026
$8.2M
Advancing Quality and Outcomes Measurement in RheumatologyK24AR074534 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Jinoos Yazdany · 2019 to 2026
$1.5M
Computational methods using electronic health records and registry data to detect and predict clinical outcomes in rheumatic diseaseK01AR075085 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI GIANFRANCESCO, MILENA ANNE · 2019 to 2022
$458k
NIAMS NIH HHS K01 AR075085NIAMS NIH HHS K24 AR074534NIAMS NIH HHS P30 AR070155
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBehçet's disease (BD), a chronic systemic vasculitis, has distinct geographical and ethnic variation. Data regarding the epidemiology of patients with BD in the U.S. are limited; therefore, we sought to describe BD patient characteristics and medication use in the U.S., and compared them with data from patients from endemic regions.

methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study using data from the RISE registry (2014-2018). Patients aged ≥ 18 years with BD were included. Sociodemographic and treatment information was extracted. We compared patients from the RISE registry to data from other published studies of patients with BD from endemic areas.

resultsOne thousand three hundred twenty-three subjects with BD from the RISE registry were included. Mean age was 48.7 ± 16.3 years, female to male ratio was 3.8:1, and 66.7% were White. The most frequently used medications included glucocorticoids (67.6%) and colchicine (55.0%). Infliximab and adalimumab were the most used biologics (14.5% and 14.1%, respectively); 3.2% of patients used apremilast. The RISE registry had more women (79.3%), and patients were older compared to previously published BD studies from endemic areas. Methotrexate and TNFi were more commonly reported in RISE (21.8% and 29.4%) compared to studies from Egypt and Turkey. Colchicine, cyclosporine, and cyclophosphamide were more commonly used in cohorts from Egypt, Turkey, and Iran.

conclusionsFindings from the largest BD dataset in the U.S. suggest that BD patients are predominantly female. Further research is needed to explore the reasons for the higher prevalence of BD among women in the U.S. and its possible impact on disease severity and management.

Indexed as

Behcet SyndromeRheumatologyAdultAgedCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansInformaticsMaleMiddle AgedRegistriesUnited StatesBehçet’s diseaseECREndemic regionsMedicationRISE

Identifiers

PMID34461986
PMCPMC8404295
OpenAlexW3197597310

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.