ReviewThe Lancet. Infectious diseases2022
Acanthamoeba castellanii encephalitis in a patient with AIDS: a case report and literature review.
Review in The Lancet. Infectious diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Hepatic Granulomatous Inflammation and Angiogenesis Upregulation Provoked by Acanthamoeba polyphaga Infection and Role of Quercetin-Conjugated Silver Nanoparticles.Parasite immunology · 2026Article
- Neuroinvasive Free-Living Amoebae Pathogenesis, Neuroinflammation and Therapeutic Challenges.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Clinical Profile, Epidemiology, and Outcomes of Granulomatous Amebic Encephalitis: A Systematic Review.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Review
- A unified digital twin framework for predicting therapeutic response to central nervous system infections by pathogenic free-living amoebae.Parasitology research · 2026Review
- Fatal Donor-Derived DisseminatedOpen forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Amebicidal Effect of Adamantane-Azole Gold(I) Complexes: Cell Death Mechanisms and Synergistic Action with Chlorhexidine againstACS omega · 2026Article
- In vitro evaluation of 4,4'-trimethylenedipyridinium and 4,4'-trimethylenedipiperidinium-based polycationic polymers against Acanthamoeba hatchetti.Parasitology research · 2025Article
- Review
- Molecular Mechanisms ofJournal of proteome research · 2025Article
- Development of a novel encystment medium: Enhancing diagnostic potential ofVeterinary world · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Case Report: A Series of Three Meningoencephalitis Cases Caused by Acanthamoeba spp. from Eastern India.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2024Article
- Non-granulomatous meningoencephalitis withSurgical neurology international · 2024Article
- Influence of salt and temperature in the growth of pathogenic free-living amoebae.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Zooming in on the intracellular microbiome composition of bacterivorousISME communications · 2024Article
- DisseminatedFrontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Extracellular Vesicles Secreted byMicroorganisms · 2023Article
- Endophthalmitis, Cutaneous Nodules, and Brain Lesions in Stem Cell Transplant Recipient.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Amoebic encephalitis is a rare cause of CNS infection for which mortality exceeds 90%. We present the case of a 27-year-old man with AIDS who presented to a hospital in Atlanta (Georgia, USA) with tonic-clonic seizures and headache. His clinical condition deteriorated over several days. Brain biopsy revealed lymphohistiocytic inflammation and necrosis with trophozoites and encysted forms of amoebae. Immunohistochemical and PCR testing confirmed Acanthamoeba castellanii encephalitis, typically described as granulomatous amoebic encephalitis (GAE). No proven therapy for GAE is available, although both surgical and multiagent antimicrobial treatment strategies are often used. Most recently, these include the antileishmanial agent miltefosine. Here we review all cases of GAE due to Acanthamoeba spp in people with HIV/AIDS identified in the literature and reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We describe this case as a reminder to the clinician to consider protozoal infections, especially free-living amoeba, in the immunocompromised host with a CNS infection refractory to traditional antimicrobial therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.