ArticlePloS one2021
Reference intervals and values for fecal cortisol, aldosterone, and the ratio of cortisol to dehydroepiandrosterone metabolites in four species of cetaceans.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) as a tool for conservation.Environmental monitoring and assessment · 2026Review
- Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) Metabolic Rate in Relation to Reduced Energy Acquisition.Integrative and comparative biology · 2026Article
- What normal used to be: Longitudinal adrenal, reproductive, and thyroid hormone profiles from four bowhead whales during a period of Arctic stability.Conservation physiology · 2026Article
- Pregnancy- and age-associated variation in serum dehydroepiandrosterone concentrations in black and white rhinoceroses.Conservation physiology · 2026Article
- Fecal glucocorticoid metabolites can be used as a stress indicator in bottlenose dolphins (Open veterinary journal · 2025Article
- Validation of indicators for the welfare assessment of captive Yangtze finless porpoises (Animal welfare (South Mimms, England) · 2025Article
- An update on captive cetacean welfare.PeerJ · 2025Review
- Putting the health in hidden Markov models: incorporating allostatic load indices into movement ecology analyses.Conservation physiology · 2025Article
- Health and Welfare Benefits of Computerized Cognitive Enrichment in California Sea Lions (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Integrating Reference Intervals into Chimpanzee Welfare Research.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- The Role of Intestinal Microbial Metabolites in the Immunity of Equine Animals Infected With Horse Botflies.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2022Article
- Saliva and Blood Cortisol Measurement in Bottlenose Dolphins (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Article
- Behavioral diversity as a potential positive indicator of animal welfare in bottlenose dolphins.PloS one · 2021Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The goal of the current study was to create reference intervals and values for several common and one potential novel physiological indicators of animal welfare for four species of cetaceans. The subjects included 189 bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus), 27 Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus), eight Pacific white-sided dolphins (Lagenorhynchus obliquidens), and 13 beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) at Alliance of Marine Mammal Parks and Aquariums and/or Association of Zoos and Aquariums accredited facilities. During two sampling time periods between July and November of 2018 and between January and April of 2019, fecal samples were collected weekly for five weeks from all animals. Samples were processed and analyzed using enzyme immunoassay for fecal cortisol, aldosterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) metabolites. Linear mixed models were used to examine demographic and time factors impacting hormone metabolite concentrations. Age, sex, and time of year were all significant predictors for some of the models (p < 0.01). An iOS mobile application ZooPhysioTrak was created for easy access to species-specific reference intervals and values accounting for significant predictors. For facilities without access to this application, additional reference intervals and values were constructed without accounting for significant predictors. Information gained from this study and the use of the application can provide reference intervals and values to make informed management decisions for cetaceans in zoological facilities.
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