Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34460521›Full record

ArticleJournal of imaging2021

Deeply Supervised UNet for Semantic Segmentation to Assist Dermatopathological Assessment of Basal Cell Carcinoma.

Jean Le'Clerc Arrastia, Nick Heilenkötter, Daniel Otero Baguer, Lena Hauberg-Lotte, Tobias Boskamp, Sonja Hetzer, Nicole Duschner, Jörg Schaller, Peter Maass

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of imaging, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Deep Learning Image Processing Models in Dermatopathology.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. [Pancreas segmentation with multi-channel convolution and combined deep supervision].Sheng wu yi xue gong cheng xue za zhi = Journal of biomedical engineering = Shengwu yixue gongchengxue zazhi · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Jean Le'Clerc ArrastiaCenter for Industrial Mathematics, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-1123-6110
Nick HeilenkötterCenter for Industrial Mathematics, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-7693-8618
Daniel Otero BaguerCenter for Industrial Mathematics, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-6550-6043
Lena Hauberg-LotteCenter for Industrial Mathematics, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany.
Tobias BoskampSCiLS, Bruker Daltonik, 28359 Bremen, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-5233-7962
Sonja HetzerDermatopathologie Duisburg Essen, 45329 Essen, Germany.
Nicole DuschnerDermatopathologie Duisburg Essen, 45329 Essen, Germany.
Jörg SchallerDermatopathologie Duisburg Essen, 45329 Essen, Germany.
Peter MaassCenter for Industrial Mathematics, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-1448-8345

Funding

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft 281474342/GRK2224/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Accurate and fast assessment of resection margins is an essential part of a dermatopathologist's clinical routine. In this work, we successfully develop a deep learning method to assist the dermatopathologists by marking critical regions that have a high probability of exhibiting pathological features in whole slide images (WSI). We focus on detecting basal cell carcinoma (BCC) through semantic segmentation using several models based on the UNet architecture. The study includes 650 WSI with 3443 tissue sections in total. Two clinical dermatopathologists annotated the data, marking tumor tissues' exact location on 100 WSI. The rest of the data, with ground-truth sectionwise labels, are used to further validate and test the models. We analyze two different encoders for the first part of the UNet network and two additional training strategies: (a) deep supervision, (b) linear combination of decoder outputs, and obtain some interpretations about what the network's decoder does in each case. The best model achieves over 96%, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity on the Test set.

Indexed as

basal cell carcinomadeep learningdermatopathologydigital pathologyskin cancerUNetwhole slide image

Identifiers

PMID34460521
PMCPMC8321345

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.