Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34459479›Full record

ArticleBriefings in bioinformatics2021

Leveraging the attention mechanism to improve the identification of DNA N6-methyladenine sites.

Ying Zhang, Yan Liu, Jian Xu, Xiaoyu Wang, Xinxin Peng, Jiangning Song, Dong-Jun Yu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Briefings in bioinformatics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
36citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. [Prediction of protein Kbhb sites based on learnable feature embedding].Sheng wu yi xue gong cheng xue za zhi = Journal of biomedical engineering = Shengwu yixue gongchengxue zazhi · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Antibiotic SERS spectral analysis based on data augmentation and attention mechanism strategy.Analytical sciences : the international journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Ying ZhangSchool of Computer Science and Engineering at Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei, Nanjing 210094, China.ORCID 0000-0003-1792-0121
Yan LiuSchool of Computer Science and Engineering at Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei, Nanjing 210094, China.
Jian XuSchool of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei, Nanjing 210094, China.
Xiaoyu WangMonash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Xinxin PengMonash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Jiangning SongMonash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-8031-9086
Dong-Jun YuSchool of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei, Nanjing 210094, China.ORCID 0000-0002-6786-8053

Funding

New Tricks for 'Old' Drugs: PK/PD of Polymyxin Nonantibiotic CombinationsR01AI111965 · NIAID · MONASH UNIVERSITY · PI LI, JIAN · 2014 to 2018
$4.3M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI111965
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

DNA N6-methyladenine is an important type of DNA modification that plays important roles in multiple biological processes. Despite the recent progress in developing DNA 6mA site prediction methods, several challenges remain to be addressed. For example, although the hand-crafted features are interpretable, they contain redundant information that may bias the model training and have a negative impact on the trained model. Furthermore, although deep learning (DL)-based models can perform feature extraction and classification automatically, they lack the interpretability of the crucial features learned by those models. As such, considerable research efforts have been focused on achieving the trade-off between the interpretability and straightforwardness of DL neural networks. In this study, we develop two new DL-based models for improving the prediction of N6-methyladenine sites, termed LA6mA and AL6mA, which use bidirectional long short-term memory to respectively capture the long-range information and self-attention mechanism to extract the key position information from DNA sequences. The performance of the two proposed methods is benchmarked and evaluated on the two model organisms Arabidopsis thaliana and Drosophila melanogaster. On the two benchmark datasets, LA6mA achieves an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) value of 0.962 and 0.966, whereas AL6mA achieves an AUROC value of 0.945 and 0.941, respectively. Moreover, an in-depth analysis of the attention matrix is conducted to interpret the important information, which is hidden in the sequence and relevant for 6mA site prediction. The two novel pipelines developed for DNA 6mA site prediction in this work will facilitate a better understanding of the underlying principle of DL-based DNA methylation site prediction and its future applications.

Indexed as

DNA MethylationAdenosineComputational BiologyDeep LearningDNAEpigenomicsAdenosineDNAN-methyladenosine6mAattention interpretationdeep learningDNA modificationLSTMself-attention mechanism

Identifiers

PMID34459479
PMCPMC8575024

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.