ReviewThe EMBO journal2021
Cancer evolution: Darwin and beyond.
Review in The EMBO journal, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 155 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
155 citing papers in PubMed, 226 citations in OpenAlex.
- Wavelet-based whole genome doubling aware single-cell copy number calling.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Chromosomal instability in cancer: sources, consequences and new therapeutic opportunities.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Biodistribution and dosimetry of the carbon-11 labelled PARP1-selective PET radiopharmaceutical [EJNMMI research · 2026Article
- Cross-species insights from ART-D to uncover evolutionarily conserved oncogenic mechanisms.Molecular systems biology · 2026Article
- Tumor evolution: signaling pathways, molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Tumor heterogeneity: development, mechanisms, and therapeutic implications.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Article
- Summarizing Evolutionary Trajectories from Phylogenetic Character Maps of Discrete Traits.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Rewiring tumor metabolism: heterogeneity, oncometabolites, and adaptive plasticity.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- Review
- Heterogeneity of Ex Vivo Tumor Responses in Ovarian Cancer Tissues.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Convergence for Inactivation of TGFβ Signaling Is a Common Feature of Advanced Pancreatic Cancer.Cancer discovery · 2026Article
- MiTo: tracing the phenotypic evolution of somatic cell lineages via mitochondrial single-cell multi-omics.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Beyond Darwin: reactive heredity, burst-drift dynamics and eco‑evolutionary control of cancer.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Harnessing archaeogenetic for cancer therapy: bridging ancient DNA insights with modern therapeutic innovations.Clinical epigenetics · 2026Review
- Corilagin induces apoptosis in glioblastoma cells by disrupting metabolic homeostasis: a metabolomics perspective.Die Naturwissenschaften · 2026Article
- Is cancer the result of uncontrolled cellular growth? a glance into the tumorigenic process.Cancer cell international · 2026Review
- Epithelial plasticity shapes intratumoral heterogeneity and cell lineages in early-stage lung cancer.Science advances · 2026Article
- Telomere Crisis Shapes Cancer Evolution.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology · 2026Review
- Integrated analysis of glutamine metabolism and immune microenvironment identifies GOT2 as a prognostic gene in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Discover oncology · 2026Article
95 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Clinical and laboratory studies over recent decades have established branched evolution as a feature of cancer. However, while grounded in somatic selection, several lines of evidence suggest a Darwinian model alone is insufficient to fully explain cancer evolution. First, the role of macroevolutionary events in tumour initiation and progression contradicts Darwin's central thesis of gradualism. Whole-genome doubling, chromosomal chromoplexy and chromothripsis represent examples of single catastrophic events which can drive tumour evolution. Second, neutral evolution can play a role in some tumours, indicating that selection is not always driving evolution. Third, increasing appreciation of the role of the ageing soma has led to recent generalised theories of age-dependent carcinogenesis. Here, we review these concepts and others, which collectively argue for a model of cancer evolution which extends beyond Darwin. We also highlight clinical opportunities which can be grasped through targeting cancer vulnerabilities arising from non-Darwinian patterns of evolution.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.