Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34458551›Full record

ArticleSSM - population health2021

Reducing food insecurity and improving fruit and vegetable intake through a nutrition incentive program in Michigan, USA.

C A Parks, P Han, H E Fricke, H A Parker, O B Hesterman, A L Yaroch

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in SSM - population health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
4.4field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.

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  5. Benefits of Nutrition Education in Local Community Supported Agriculture Sites: A Case Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

C A ParksGretchen Swanson Center for Nutrition, 8401 West Dodge Road, Suite 100, Omaha, NE, 68114, USA.
P HanUniversity of Michigan, Department of Biostatistics, M4531, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
H E FrickeGretchen Swanson Center for Nutrition, 8401 West Dodge Road, Suite 100, Omaha, NE, 68114, USA.
H A ParkerFair Food Network, 1250 North Main Street, North Suite, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA.
O B HestermanFair Food Network, 1250 North Main Street, North Suite, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA.
A L YarochGretchen Swanson Center for Nutrition, 8401 West Dodge Road, Suite 100, Omaha, NE, 68114, USA.
Swanson Center · USUniversity of Michigan–Ann Arbor · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNutrition incentive (NI) programs increase the purchase of fruits and vegetables (FVs) among low-income participants. Double Up Food Bucks (DUFB) is a robust statewide NI program in the United States. The purpose of this paper is to report findings from DUFB in Michigan describing the factors related to FV intake (FVI) and food insecurity among participants in a NI program.

methodsWe administered a repeated cross-sectional survey with a convenience sample of DUFB participants at farmers markets and grocery stores (over the 2016, 2017, 2018 seasons). The survey was conducted online via paper-pencil. Descriptive statistics were calculated for all variables. A logistic regression model estimated household food insecurity and a linear regression estimated FVI with DUFB use/perceptions, sociodemographics, and health status as independent variables (significance level = p < 0.05).

resultsDescriptive results revealed that participants that completed surveys at grocery stores tended to be more racially-ethnically diverse and younger than participants that completed surveys at farmers markets. Participants with lower length of time participating in DUFB (i.e., lower dose) (p < 0.001), greater FV purchases (p < 0.05), and lower perceived health status (p < 0.001) tended to report being food insecure more frequently. Participants with increased length of time participating in DUFB (p < 0.05), greater FV purchases (p < 0.001), being male (p < 0.01), and greater perceived health status (p < 0.001) tended to report higher levels of FVI more frequently.

conclusionsLonger participation in DUFB leads to improved outcomes with FVI and food security, suggesting that NI programs do have the intended positive impact they were designed to achieve.

Indexed as

DSQ, Dietary Screener QuestionnaireDUFB, Double Up Food BucksFarmers marketsFINI, Food Insecurity Nutrition IncentiveFood insecurityFruit and vegetable consumptionFVI, Fruit and vegetable intakeFVs, Fruit and vegetablesGrocery storesGusNIP, Gus Schumacher Nutrition Incentive ProgramNIFA, National Institute of Food and AgricultureNI, Nutrition incentiveNutrition incentivesSNAP, Supplemental Nutrition Assistance ProgramUSDA, United States Department of AgricultureU.S., United States

Identifiers

PMID34458551
PMCPMC8379520
OpenAlexW3196012823

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.