SynthesisFrontiers in psychology2021
Neuropsychological Development of Cool and Hot Executive Functions Between 6 and 12 Years of Age: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in Frontiers in psychology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neurological and biological correlations of ODD with ADHD in children and adolescents: a systematic review.BMC psychology · 2026Pooled it
- Delay discounting and anxiety: a systematic review on current evidence for clinical and non-clinical population.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Pooled it
- Hot and Cool Executive Functions in Middle Childhood: Evidence for a Weak but Process-Specific Relationship.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Action-Based Encoding Improves Instruction Following in Children and Adolescents.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Children's experiences of willpower and self-regulation: a phenomenological study of emotions, strategies, and metaphorical meanings in school-aged children.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- Uncovering the structure of self-regulation: a network analysis among German primary-school children.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Multiple dimensions of reward-sensitivity and cognitive control relate to psychopathology: an exploratory structural equation modeling approach.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Components of Socioeconomic Status Differentially Predict Development of Cool Versus Hot Executive Function in Young Children.International journal of behavioral development · 2025Article
- "Cool" and "Hot" executive functions in deaf children: the executive brain battery (EBB).Journal of deaf studies and deaf education · 2025Article
- Childhood Pb-induced cognitive dysfunction: structural equation modeling of hot and cold executive functions.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2025Article
- Maternal Depressive Symptoms and Risk for Childhood Depression: Role of Executive Functions.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2025Observational
- Parent, peer, or teacher? Examining how different social support systems buffer children's emotional responses to online peer rejection.BMC psychology · 2025Article
- Harnessing Daily Routines for Early Detection of Cool Executive Delays: Validating the EFORTS Questionnaire.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- A Novel Battery to Assess "Cool" and "Hot" Executive Functions: Sensitivity to Age Differences in Middle Childhood.Brain sciences · 2024Article
- Dysexecutive symptomatology in everyday functioning and academic achievement in adolescents.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Profiles of executive functions in middle childhood and prediction of later self-regulation.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Parental Perception of Remote Education in Pandemic: An Analysis Based on Children's Cognitive Performance.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Just Play Cognitive Modern Board and Card Games, It's Going to Be Good for Your Executive Functions: A Randomized Controlled Trial with Children at Risk of Social Exclusion.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Executive Functions and Public Health: A Narrative Review.Iranian journal of public health · 2023Review
- Holistic Functioning from a Developmental Perspective: A New Synthesis with a Focus on a Multi-tiered System Support Structure.Clinical child and family psychology review · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Previous studies on the development of executive functions (EFs) in middle childhood have traditionally focused on cognitive, or "cool," EFs: working memory, inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility. However, knowledge of the development of socio-emotional, or "hot," EFs, such as delay of gratification, decision-making and theory of mind, is more limited. The main aims of this systematic review were to characterize the typical development of both the primary cool and hot EFs in middle childhood, and to identify the main tools for evaluating EFs as a whole. We conducted a systematic search on studies of cognitive and socio-emotional EFs published in the last 5 years in Pubmed, PsycInfo, and WoS databases. Of 44 studies selected, we found a variety of tasks measuring cool EFs, while measures of hot EFs were limited. Nevertheless, the available data suggest that cool and hot components follow distinct, but related, developmental trajectories during middle childhood.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.