Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34454949›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of pediatrics2021

Mortality and Major Neonatal Morbidity in Preterm Infants with Serious Congenital Heart Disease.

Martina A Steurer, Rebecca J Baer, Christina D Chambers, Jean Costello, Linda S Franck, Safyer McKenzie-Sampson, Tania L Pacheco-Werner, Satish Rajagopal, Elizabeth E Rogers, Larry Rand and 2 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of pediatrics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
3.3field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  6. Impact of congenital heart disease and prematurity on brain injury from a national registry.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2025
    Article
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  14. Preterm congenital heart disease and neurodevelopment: the importance of looking beyond the initial hospitalization.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2023
    Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Martina A SteurerDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; California Preterm Birth Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
Rebecca J BaerCalifornia Preterm Birth Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
Christina D ChambersDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.
Jean CostelloDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; California Preterm Birth Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
Linda S FranckCalifornia Preterm Birth Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
Safyer McKenzie-SampsonDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; California Preterm Birth Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
Tania L Pacheco-WernerCalifornia Preterm Birth Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Central Valley Health Policy Institute, California State University Fresno, Fresno, CA.
Satish RajagopalDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
Elizabeth E RogersDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; California Preterm Birth Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
Larry RandCalifornia Preterm Birth Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
Laura L Jelliffe-PawlowskiDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; California Preterm Birth Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
Shabnam PeyvandiDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
University of California, San Francisco · USUniversity of California San Diego · US

Funding

Fetal markers of neurodevelopmental outcomes in congenital heart diseaseK23NS099422 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI PEYVANDI, SHABNAM · 2017 to 2021
$961k
NINDS NIH HHS K23 NS099422
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo investigate the trends of 1-year mortality and neonatal morbidities in preterm infants with serious congenital heart disease (CHD). STUDY

designThis cohort study used a population-based administrative dataset of all liveborn infants of 26-36 weeks gestational age with serious CHD born in California between 2011 and 2017. We assessed 1-year mortality and major neonatal morbidities (ie, retinopathy of prematurity, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis, intraventricular hemorrhage grade >2, and periventricular leukomalacia) across the study period and compared these outcomes with those in infants without CHD.

resultsWe identified 1921 preterm infants with serious CHD. The relative risk (RR) of death decreased by 10.6% for each year of the study period (RR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.84-0.95), and the RR of major neonatal morbidity increased by 8.3% for each year (RR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.02-1.15). Compared with preterm neonates without any CHD (n = 234 522), the adjusted risk difference (ARD) for mortality was highest at 32 weeks of gestational age (9.7%; 95% CI, 8.3%-11.2%), that for major neonatal morbidity was highest at 28 weeks (21.9%; 95% CI, 17.0%-26.9%), and that for the combined outcome was highest at 30 weeks (26.7%; 95% CI, 23.3%-30.1%).

conclusionsMortality in preterm neonates with serious CHD decreased over the last decade, whereas major neonatal morbidities increased. Preterm infants with a gestational age of 28-32 weeks have the highest mortality or morbidity compared with their peers without CHD. These results support the need for specialized and focused medical neonatal care in preterm neonates with serious CHD.

Indexed as

CaliforniaCohort StudiesFemaleHeart Defects, CongenitalHumansInfantInfant, NewbornInfant, PrematureInfant, Premature, DiseasesMaleSeverity of Illness Indexcongenital heart diseasemortality trendsneonatal morbidityprematurity

Identifiers

PMID34454949
PMCPMC10866139
OpenAlexW3197007375

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.