ReviewInternational immunopharmacology2021
Vaccine design and delivery approaches for COVID-19.
Review in International immunopharmacology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Oral Lesions Following Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Development of attenuated and inactivated Dengue strains using advanced gene editing tools.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Nano-Based Vaccine Delivery Systems: Innovative Therapeutics Against Cancer and Neurological Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Vaccines for cancer prevention: exploring opportunities and navigating challenges.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2025Review
- The COVID-19 vaccine procurement and supply chain in the Democratic Republic of Congo.Frontiers in health services · 2025Article
- Intersecting SARS-CoV-2 spike mutations and global vaccine efficacy against COVID-19.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- The economic case for scaling up health research and development: Lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Immunoinformatics design of a structural proteins driven multi-epitope candidate vaccine against different SARS-CoV-2 variants based on fynomer.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- An Overview of SARS-CoV-2 Etiopathogenesis and Recent Developments in COVID-19 Vaccines.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Inactivated COVID-19 vaccines: potential concerns of antibody-dependent enhancement and original antigenic sin.Immunology letters · 2023Review
- Review
- From Immunogen to COVID-19 vaccines: Prospects for the post-pandemic era.Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2023Review
- COVID-19 vaccinations and their side effects: a scoping systematic review.F1000Research · 2023Article
- Efficacy and Safety of COVID-19 Vaccines-An Update.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Review
- Comprehensive Highlights of the Universal Efforts towards the Development of COVID-19 Vaccine.Vaccines · 2022Review
- Nanotechnology-facilitated vaccine development during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.Exploration (Beijing, China) · 2022Review
- Review
- COVID-19 pandemic over 2020 (withlockdowns) and 2021 (with vaccinations): similar effects for seasonality and environmental factors.Environmental research · 2022Article
- An overview of current drugs and prophylactic vaccines for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
COVID-19 is still a deadly disease that remains yet a major challenge for humans. In recent times, many large pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical companies have invested a lot of time and cost in fighting this disease. In this regard, today's scientific knowledge shows that designing and producing an effective vaccine is the best possible way to diminish the disease burden and dissemination or even eradicate the disease. Due to the urgent need, many vaccines are now available earlier than scheduled. New technologies have also helped to produce much more effective vaccines, although the potential side effects must be taken into account. Thus, in this review, the types of vaccines and vaccine designs made against COVID-19, the vaccination programs, as well as the delivery methods and molecules that have been used to deliver some vaccines that need a carrier will be described.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.