Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34453636›Full record

ArticleEcoHealth2021

Climatic Factors Influencing the Anthrax Outbreak of 2016 in Siberia, Russia.

Ekaterina Ezhova, Dmitry Orlov, Elli Suhonen, Dmitry Kaverin, Alexander Mahura, Victor Gennadinik, Ilmo Kukkonen, Dmitry Drozdov, Hanna K Lappalainen, Vladimir Melnikov and 6 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in EcoHealth, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Persistence in time: the hunt forApplied and environmental microbiology · 2025
    Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Lancet regional health. Americas · 2022
    Article
  17. Seasonality and Ecological Suitability Modelling for Anthrax (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Ekaterina EzhovaInstitute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. ekaterina.ezhova@helsinki.fi.ORCID 0000-0003-2770-9143
Dmitry OrlovDepartment of Biogeography, Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.ORCID 0000-0003-4199-9749
Elli SuhonenInstitute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID 0000-0002-2734-7093
Dmitry KaverinInstitute of Biology of Komi Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia.ORCID 0000-0003-2559-2340
Alexander MahuraInstitute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID 0000-0002-1831-5081
Victor GennadinikInternational Centre of Cryology and Cryosophy, University of Tyumen, Tyumen, Russia.ORCID 0000-0002-5553-0688
Ilmo KukkonenDepartment of Geosciences and Geography, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID 0000-0001-9633-6251
Dmitry DrozdovInternational Centre of Cryology and Cryosophy, University of Tyumen, Tyumen, Russia.
Hanna K LappalainenInstitute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID 0000-0003-3221-2318
Vladimir MelnikovInternational Centre of Cryology and Cryosophy, University of Tyumen, Tyumen, Russia.ORCID 0000-0002-0863-592X
Tuukka PetäjäInstitute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID 0000-0002-1881-9044
Veli-Matti KerminenInstitute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID 0000-0002-0706-669X
Sergey ZilitinkevichInstitute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Svetlana M MalkhazovaDepartment of Biogeography, Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.ORCID 0000-0002-9694-1360
Torben R ChristensenDepartment of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0002-4917-148X
Markku KulmalaInstitute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID 0000-0003-3464-7825

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In 2016, an outbreak of anthrax killing thousands of reindeer and affecting dozens of humans occurred on the Yamal peninsula, Northwest Siberia, after 70 years of epidemiological situation without outbreaks. The trigger of the outbreak has been ascribed to the activation of spores due to permafrost thaw that was accelerated during the summer heat wave. The focus of our study is on the dynamics of local environmental factors in connection with the observed anthrax revival. We show that permafrost was thawing rapidly for already 6 years before the outbreak. During 2011-2016, relatively warm years were followed by cold years with a thick snow cover, preventing freezing of the soil. Furthermore, the spread of anthrax was likely intensified by an extremely dry summer of 2016. Concurrent with the long-term decreasing trend in the regional annual precipitation, the rainfall in July 2016 was less than 10% of its 30-year mean value. We conclude that epidemiological situation of anthrax in the previously contaminated Arctic regions requires monitoring of climatic factors such as warming and precipitation extremes.

Indexed as

AnthraxAnimalsArctic RegionsDisease OutbreaksHumansReindeerRussiaSiberiaAnthraxClimateDroughtPermafrostSiberiaSnow

Identifiers

PMID34453636
PMCPMC8463397

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.